Civil war and Reconstruction

Who was elected president in the election that led to the Civil War?

Abraham Lincoln

What event marked the beginning of the Civil War?

The attack on Fort Sumter

What were the states that remained loyal to the Union during the Civil War called?

Border States

What were some advantages of the North during the Civil War?

More resources, larger population, more industrial capability.

What were some advantages of the South during the Civil War?

Better military leaders, fighting on home territory, and stronger motivation.

What was the primary goal of the North during the Civil War?

To preserve the Union.

What was the primary goal of the South during the Civil War?

To secure independence from the Union.

What action did Lincoln take that suspended the right of habeas corpus?

He suspended habeas corpus to address security concerns during the war.

What was referred to as the 'Ninety Day War'?

The initial perception of the war's length when it started.

What was significant about the Battle of Bull Run?

It was the first major battle of the Civil War, showing that the war would be longer and more brutal than expected.

Which battle is known as the bloodiest single day in American history?

Battle of Antietam

What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?

It declared that all slaves in Confederate-held territory were to be freed.

What does 'Rich Man’s War' refer to?

The idea that the wealthy benefitted from the war while the poor bore the burden, exemplified by the NYC Draft Riots.

What was a key decision made regarding African-American troops during the Civil War?

The decision to allow African-American soldiers to serve in the Union Army.

What were some military turning points of the Civil War?

The Battle of Gettysburg and the Siege of Vicksburg.

Who won the election of 1864?

Abraham Lincoln

What were Copperheads?

Northern Democrats who opposed the Civil War.

What does 'Total War' mean in the context of the Civil War?

A strategy of warfare that involves destroying not just enemy armies but also the economic resources that support them.

What was the significance of the Homestead Act?

It encouraged westward expansion by providing land to settlers.

What was the 13th Amendment?

It abolished slavery in the United States.

What was the purpose of the Freedmen’s Bureau?

To assist freed slaves and poor whites in the South after the Civil War.

What were Black Codes?

Laws enacted in the South to restrict the rights of freed African-Americans.

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1866 do?

It granted citizenship and equal rights to all persons born in the U.S., regardless of race.

What was Andrew Johnson's role in Reconstruction?

He became president after Lincoln's assassination and oversaw the early phases of Reconstruction.

What is Radical Reconstruction?

A period during which Congress took control of Reconstruction and enforced civil rights.

What was the purpose of the Tenure of Office Act?

To restrict the president's power to remove certain office-holders without the Senate's approval.

What were carpetbaggers?

Northerners who moved to the South after the Civil War, often seeking economic opportunities.

What were sharecroppers?

Farmers who worked land owned by someone else in exchange for a share of the crop.

What was the Ku Klux Klan?

A secret society formed in the South to resist Reconstruction and maintain white supremacy.

What was the significance of the election of 1876?

It led to the Compromise of 1877 and the end of Reconstruction.

What is Jim Crow?

Laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States.

What was the ruling of Plessy v. Ferguson?

It upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the doctrine of 'separate but equal'.

What methods were used to limit voting rights?

Literacy tests, poll taxes, and understanding clauses.

What was lynching?

Extrajudicial killings, often conducted by mobs, targeting African-Americans in the South.