Ethnomusicology Midterm

Down-Home Rag

Wilber Sweatman 1916

Memphis Blues

James Reese Europe’s 369th Infantry Band 1919

Crazy Blues

Mamie Smith 1920

Prove It On Me

Ma Rainey 1928

Dippermouth Blues

King Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band 1923

Dead Man Blues

Jelly Roll Morton 1926

Muskrat Ramble

Louis Armstrong 1926

Clarinet Marmalade

Bix Beidebecke and Frankie Trumbauer 1927

West End Blues

Louis Armstrong 1928

Carolina Shout

James P. Johnson 1921

Call and Response

also called antiphony

To Rag

syncopate a tune or embellish the melody

Styes that influence jazz

field hollers, work songs, spirituals, blues, ragtime

Wilbur Sweatman

clarinetist, recorded maple leaf rag

Buddy Bolden

King of Cornet, improvised music

Jelly Roll Morton

claimed to have invented jazz

Louis Armstrong

melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic traditions for Jazzz soloist

Joe “King” Oliver

first cornetist to play with mutes

Lil Hardin-Armstrong

first female jazz instrumentalist and all-female jazz jazz band

WC Handy

Father of the blues, 12-bar blues in “St louis blues”

Freddie Keppard

didn’t want people to “steal his stuff”

Mamie Smith

first classic blues recording “crazy blues”

James Reese Europe

Harlem Hellfighters

Ben Harney

ragging in notated form

Earl “Fatha” Hines

developed “trumpet style” improvisation

Willie “The Lion” Smith

pianist on “crazy blues”

Bix Beiderbecke and Frankie Trumbauer

orchestrated combo piece, connections to marches

James P. Johnson

a piano rag

Gertrude “Ma” Rainey

independence and celebration as lesbian woman

Musical Terms

Timbre, Pitch, tone, rhythm, Dynamics

Rhythm

beat, tempo, accent, meter, density

Monophony

single melody line

Polyphony

multiple simultaneous melodies

Heterophony

elaboration on single melody line