Small intestine and large intestine

Anatomy exam 2

What is the large, fatty apron-like structure that hangs down from the stomach and covers the intestine?

greater omentum

What is the order of the small intestine?

duodenum → jejunum →ileum

What is the structure that holds the small intestine in place and contains blood vessels and nerves?

mesentery

Is the jejunum or ileum more superior?

jejunum

Which part of the small intestine does the most absorption?

jejunum

Which part of the small intestine does the least absorption?

ileum

How can you describe the jejunum’s circular folds?

compact and rough 

How can you describe the ileum’s circular folds?

less compact and smooth

Is the jejunum intra or retro?

intraperitoneal

Is the ileum intra or retro?

intraperitoneal 

What anchors the colon to the abdominal wall and provides support and stability to the large intestine?

mesocolon

What is the order of the large intestine?

cecum→ ascending colon →transverse colon→ descending colon→ sigmoid colon→ rectum

What junction connects the ileum and cecum?

ileocecal junction 

What hangs off the cecum and provides a reservoir for good bacteria and immune cells?

appendix

What helps increase surface area in the large intestine?

haustra

What is the longitudinal smooth muscle band that helps with movement in the large intestine?

tenia coli 

What is the flexure located between the transverse and descending colon called?

left colic flexure

Is the cecum intra or retro?

intraperitoneal

Is the appendix intra or retro?

intraperitoneal 

Is the ascending colon intra or retro?

retroperitoneal

Is the transverse colon intra or retro?

intraperitoneal

Is the descending colon intra or retro?

retroperitoneal

Is the sigmoid colon intra or retro?

intraperitoneal

Is the rectum retro or intra?

mostly retroperitoneal with the proximal section being intraperitoneal

Which arteries go up to the left colic flexure?

celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery 

What are the veins that go up to the left colic flexure?

splenic vein and superior mesenteric vein

What is the parasympathetic nerve that goes up to the left colic flexure?

vagus nerve

What is the artery after the left colic flexure?

inferior mesenteric artery 

What is the vein after the left colic flexure?

inferior mesenteric vein

What is the parasympathetic nerve after the left colic flexure?

pelvic splanchnic nerves

How many kidneys do we have?

2 

What gland is superior to the kidney?

suprarenal gland

What kidney is positioned lower due to the liver being above it?

right kidney

Which renal vein is longer?

left renal vein 

How many layers does the kidney have?

3

What are the triangular structures called that are located in the renal medulla and contain loops of Henle?

renal pyramids

Which structure collects urine and directs it to the ureters?

renal pelvis 

What structure helps carry urine to the bladder?

ureter

What structure hold urine until it’s released?

bladder 

What is the position of the ureter to the renal artery and vein?

posterior

What is the outermost layer of the kidney which is made up of thin, fibrous membrane?

renal capsule

What is the middle layer of the kidney which is located underneath the capsule? 

renal cortex 

What does the renal cortex contain that filter blood and produce urine?

nephrons

What is the inner layer of the kidney that contains the renal pyramids?

renal medulla

Is the suprarenal gland intra or retro?

retroperitoneal

Is the kidney intra or retro?

retroperitoneal

is the ureter intra or retro?

retroperitoneal