Identification of common gases

test for hydrogen

uses a burning splint held at the open end of a test tube of the gas. Hydrogen burns rapidly with a pop sound.

test for oxygen

uses a glowing splint inserted into a test tube of the gas. The splint relights in oxygen

test for carbon dioxide

uses an aqueous solution of lime water. when carbon dioxide is shaken with or bubbled through limewater the limewater turns milky (cloudy)

what is limewater?

calcium hydroxide

test for chlorine

uses litmus paper. when damp litmus paper is put into chlorine gas the litmus paper is bleached and turns white