Key Notes Unit 3 Lesson 1- The Rise of Islamic Civilization in the Land of UAE

Islamic Civilization

A complex society marked by the spread of Islam and its cultural developments within the Arabian Peninsula and beyond.

Jahaliyya

The pre-Islamic period in Arab history characterized by ignorance of divine guidance.

Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)

The founder of Islam who was a merchant trader and received divine revelations.

Medina

The city to which Prophet Muhammad and his followers migrated from Mecca for safety in 622 CE.

Al Julanda Tribe

A tribe in Oman that accepted Islam through correspondence with Prophet Muhammad.

Dome of the Rock

An Islamic shrine in Jerusalem commemorating the Prophet Muhammad's night journey and ascension.

Isra’ wa al-Miraj

The night journey of the Prophet Muhammad, commemorated as a holy day in the Islamic calendar.

Astrolabe

An ancient instrument used for solving problems related to time and the position of the stars, utilized in celestial navigation.

Kitab al-Fawa’id fi usul al-bahr wa’l-qawa’id

A significant book by Ahmed bin Majid detailing rules of sea navigation.

Al-Bidiya Mosque

The oldest mosque in continuous use in the UAE, built during the 15th century.

Sea Navigation Types

Three types: traveling navigators, well-known skilled navigators, and esteemed navigators known for their knowledge and influence.

Celestial Navigation

A method of navigation using the positions of stars and celestial bodies to determine location.

Qur'an

The holy book of Islam, believed to be the word of God as revealed to Prophet Muhammad.

Hadith

The collection of sayings, actions, and approvals of Prophet Muhammad, used as guidance for Muslims.

Five Pillars of Islam

The five basic acts of worship and practice that are considered the foundation of a Muslim's faith and practice.

Ummah

The collective community of Muslims worldwide, bound together by their faith.

Caliphate

A form of Islamic government led by a caliph, who is considered a political and religious leader.

Islamic Golden Age

A period of great cultural, economic, and scientific flourishing in the history of Islam, roughly from the 8th to the 14th century.

Sufism

A mystical Islamic belief system that emphasizes personal experience of God and seeks spiritual closeness.

Fard

Obligatory acts or rituals that are required in Islam.

Halal

Permissible or lawful actions as defined by Islamic law.

Zakat

A form of almsgiving and a religious obligation in Islam, regarded as a tax, where a portion of wealth is given to those in need.