Animal Phylogeny

example of a ctenophora

comb jelly

this phylum has cilia (hair like structures on cells for movement and sensing)

ctenophora

this phylum are hermaphrodites (male and female in one) and bioluminescent (glow)

ctenophora

this phylum lacks true Hox genes

ctenophora

examples of porifera

sponges

this phylum lost germ layers

porifera

this phylum has choanocytes and amoebocytes for bringing in food and digesting food

porifera

examples of cnidaria

jellyfish, sea anemones, corals, box jellies, hydra

this phylum has 2 germ layers

cnidaria

polyp and medusa are forms of what phylum

cnidaria

what is a polyp and an example

mouth with tentacles at one end, other end attached to substrate

ex) sea anemone

what is a medusa and an example

bell shaped body with mouth on underside and tentacles

ex) jellyfish

this phylum has cnidocytes and nematocysts

cnidaria

this clade has 3 germ layers and can be classified as protostomes and deuterostomes

bilateria

examples of platyhelminthes

flatworms, tapeworms

which phylum begins the process of cephalization (grouping of sensory organs in head)

platyhelminthes

this phylum has no coelom

platyhelminthes

examples of rotifera

rotifers

this phylum has pedal glands that secrete sticky substances for attaching to a substrate

rotifera

this lophotrochozoa phylum is pseudocoelom

rotifera

examples of mollusca

clams, snails, octopus, squid

this phylum has soft bodies often protected by shells

mollusca

this phylum has a muscular foot for movement

mollusca

what is the visceral mass

part of mollusca on top of foot that contains internal organs

what is the mantle

the part of mollusca that secretes shell

examples of annelida

tubeworms, earthworms, leeches

this phylum is a coelomate

annelida

this phylum has distinct segments

annelida

most of this phylum has setae (little bristles for movement)

annelida

what phylums are in the superphylum Ecdysozoa

nematodes and arthropods

characteristics of ecdysozoas

ecdysis (sheding the cuticle/exoskeleton)

cuticle made of chitin and proteins

examples of nematoda

nemtatodes, hook worms

this ecdysozoa phylum is pseudocoelm

nematoda

examples of arthropoda

crabs, spiders, scorpions, centipedes

this phylum has jointed appendages (legs)

arthropoda

examples of echinodermata

sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers

this phylum has a loss of cephalization

echinodermata

this phylum has bilateral symmetry as a larva and radial symmetry as an adult

echinodermata

this superphylum has an endoskeleton

deuterostomia

which phylum has a notochord (flexible rod for skeletal support)

chordata

this phylum has dorsal hollow nerve cords

chordata

this chordata subphylum is an invertebrate with all 4 synapomorphies

cephalochordata

this chordata subphylum is an invertebrate that only pharyngeal slits as an adult

urochordata

examples of cyclostomata

jawless fish, hagfish, lamprey

what are gnathostomata

everything with a hinged jaw

examples of chondrichthyes

sharks, skates, rays

this class has cartilaginous skeletons and teeth not fused to jaw

chondrichthyes

what are the classes of osteichthyes

acinopterygii (ray finned fish) and sarcopterygii (lobe finned fish)

this phylum has a thin layer of skin to produce mucous

osteichthyes

many of this phylum have swim bladders

osteichthyes

most species of fish are this class

actinopterygii (ray finned)

coelacanth and lungfish are the only of this class

sarcopterygii (lobe finned)

which group transitioned to land and led to the evolution of tetrapods

sarcopterygii (lobe finned fish)

examples of amphibia

frogs, newts, salamanders

the adults in this class develop lungs

amphibia

examples of amniotes

reptiles, birds, mammals

this phylum has a fully terrestrial life cycle

amniotes

this phylum developed thoracic breathing and water conserving kidneyts

amniotes

this phylum has internal fertilization

amniotes