Psychology Introduction and Perspectives

A collection of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts and theories in psychology as discussed in the lecture.

Psychology

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

Psychodynamic Perspective

A psychological approach that emphasizes unconscious influences and early life experiences on behavior.

Cognitive Psychology

The study of mental processes such as perception, memory, and problem-solving.

Behaviorism

A theory that human behavior is learned and shaped through interaction with the environment.

Humanistic Psychology

An approach that emphasizes personal growth and the concept of self-actualization, focusing on individual potential.

Case Study

An in-depth analysis of a person, group, event, or situation to explore the underlying principles or phenomena.

Operant Conditioning

A method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus.

Psychopathology

The study of mental disorders and abnormal behavior.

Diagnostic Label

A term used to categorize an individual's symptoms into a recognized mental illness.

Free Will vs. Determinism

A debate regarding whether human behavior is determined by internal or external factors or if individuals have the power to choose their actions.

Nature vs. Nurture

The debate about the relative contributions of genetic inheritance and environmental factors to human development.

Unconditional Positive Regard

An important concept in humanistic psychology that refers to accepting and valuing a person without conditions.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

A motivational theory in psychology comprising a five-tier model of human needs, often depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid.