Lap 2 American History

Know why the executive cabinet was created

Advise president, run departments, enforce laws

Biggest problem for the Washington Administration

National Debt from the revolutionary war

Know how federalists responded to the national debt problem

1. Tariffs and taxes

2. Store money in Hamilton’s national bank

Main impacts of Hamilton’s bank plan and growing divisions

Creation of National bank; New capitol in Virginia; Political parties (federalists and democratic republicans)

Why bill of rights was added to constitution

Antifederalists wanted to define the rights of the people and gaurantee protections; protect people from national government having too much power

Washington’s response to the Whiskey Rebellion

After negotiations, Washington sent troops to capture the rebellion’s leaders and reestablish order

purpose of treaty of greenville

end hostilities between natives and US

Democratic-republican response to alien and sedition acts

Felt targeted by the acts. Kentucky and Virginia resolutions declared the laws unconstitutional in those states; Nullification

Why was Jefferson’s victory in 1800 seen as a revolution?

1st peaceful change of party in office; set pattern for next 200 years

two ways Jefferson did and didn’t change federal Gov

did: reduced size of military and reduced taxes

didn’t: maintained structure of federal government and the federalist system, specifically the bank, laws, and agencies

three arguments for and against Louisiana purchase

For: Bargain price (2 cents/acre), ownership of Louisiana by any European power would be a threat to the safety of the US, buying Louisiana would double the size of the US

Against: would increase National debt, Settlers who go far away would not stay loyal to the US, purchase of foreign territory is not in delegated powers in constitution

2 diplomatic responses to the interruption of US trade by Britain

‘07 - embargo act: trade embargo on all foreign nations; Jefferson’s attempt to punish Britain, accidentally ruined US economy

‘09 - non intercourse act: prohibiting all shipping and trade between America and French or British-controlled ports

strict vs loose constitutional interpretation

Strict: congress can only do something if specifically outlined in the constitution

Loose: Congress can do anything as long as the constitution doesn’t say not to do it

proclamation of neutrality

stay out of foreign affairs as GW warned against foreign entanglement

Alien and Sedition Acts

the Federalists’ unpopular attempt to limit terrorism and criticism of the government; raised resident requirement and allowed president to deport any alien considered undesireable; set jail time and fines for people trying to hinder the operation of government or express “false, scandalous, or malicious” statements against gov

Judicial review

supreme court’s ability to overturn laws deemed unconstitutional; established by Marbury v. Madison

Non-intercourse act

prohibiting all shipping and trade between US and and British and French-controlled ports during Napoleanic Wars

Treaty of Ghent

treaty that declared an armistice, ending war of 1812; US did not lose territory or make any payments, did not occupy, did not make any government changes

contrast political/economic ideas and supporters of Jefferson and Hamilton

Constitutional interpretation: Ham- loose, Jeff- strict

Power in govt: Ham- strong central, Jeff- weak central, strong state/local govs

Supporters: Ham- wealthy, merchants, bankers(federalists) Jeff- farmers, planters(democratic-republicans)

Political/economic causes of war of 1812

Political: frontier issues (British supplying Natives with weapons for conflicts against US)

Economic: trade interference; impressing American ships

Why war of 1812 was a turning point

collapse of federalist party; confirmed US independence; encouraged growth of US industries to make goods unavalible from England

Effects of war of 1812

GB will leave US alone