Psychology Paper 2- Humanistic Approach

humanistic psychologists have ___ approach

idiographic

humanistic approach assumes that

everyone experiences the world differently so behaviour only makes sense when studied through the eyes of the individual and the observer, people are innately good

humanistic approach believes in

free will- people are influenced by their environments but have agency

humanistic approach assumes that people are

motivated by personal growth and fulfilment

humanistic approach- who?

maslow and rogers

maslow created

hierarchy of needs

hierarchy of needs- how does it work

each need must be fulfilled before the next becomes a motivation

maslow’s hierarchy of needs

physiological → safety → love/belonging → esteem → self-actualisation

maslow proposes that people who are self-actualised

are very motivated in work environments

roger proposed that

people are more likely to reach their potential if the conditions of the environment are good, however it is still possible in bad conditions

roger on self-esteem

the closer a person’s self-concept is to their ideal self, the better their self-esteem

self-concept

how a person sees themselves

congruence

when ideal self and self-concept are similar- incongruence opposite

rogers created

person-centred therapy

person-centred therapy based on assumption that

client is the best expert on themselves

strengths of humanistic approach

holistic, considers behaviour in real world scenarios, optimistic, person-centred therapy important part of modern psycho-therapy

strength of humanistic approach- holistic

so more valid

strength of humanistic approach- optimistic

positive image of human condition

strength of humanistic approach- pct important part of modern psycho-therapy

led to councelling

weaknesses of humanistic approach

reductionist approaches are more scientific, cultural bias, limited real-world applications, unscientific

weakness of humanistic approach- reductionist approaches are more scientific

have clear iv and dv and empirical evidence

weakness of humanistic approach- cultural bias

researched only in individualistic countries- low population validity

weakness of humanistic approach- limited real world applications

abstract ideas

weakness of humanistic approach- unscientific

quantitative methods rejected

humanistic psychologists see

personal growth as an essential part of what it means to be human

rogers proposed that many issues found in adulthood eg. low self-esteem

have roots in childhood eg. due to a lack of unconditional positive regard (or unconditional love)