CPR and First-Aid Fundamentals

Vocabulary flashcards covering essential CPR and first-aid concepts from the pretest/post-test review.

Cardiac Arrest

A condition in which the heart stops beating, the person becomes unresponsive, and normal breathing ceases.

Scene Safety

The very first step upon arriving at an emergency; ensure the area is safe before giving care.

Hands-Only CPR

CPR that uses continuous chest compressions (100–120 per minute) without rescue breaths.

Compression Rate

The recommended speed of chest compressions—about 100 to 120 compressions per minute.

Compression Depth (Adult/Teen)

Push the chest at least 2 inches (≈5 cm) deep during compressions on an adult or teen.

CPR Action Sequence

After shouting for help: phone 9-1-1, get an AED, check breathing, then start compressions.

AED (Automated External Defibrillator)

A device that analyzes heart rhythm and advises or delivers a shock if needed.

Direct Pressure

Firmly pressing directly on a bleeding wound—over dressings—to control bleeding.

FAST Method

Stroke recognition mnemonic: Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, Time to phone 9-1-1.

Heart Attack Signs

Chest discomfort, shortness of breath, nausea, or light-headedness.

Care for Dizziness

Help the responsive, dizzy person lie flat and seek medical help; call 9-1-1 if unresponsive.

Low Blood Sugar Symptoms

Irritability, weakness, or confusion indicating hypoglycemia.

Seizure First Aid

Protect the person from injury; do not restrain or hold them down.

Opioid Overdose Signs

Shallow or absent breathing, gasping, and evidence of drug use nearby.

Unresponsive Choking Adult

Lay the person on the ground to begin CPR when a choking adult stops responding.

Child CPR Key Difference

Children require breaths with compressions—30 compressions followed by 2 breaths if alone.

Choking Child Signs

The child cannot cough, speak, or breathe, showing complete airway obstruction.

Rescue Breath Ratio

During adult CPR with breaths, give 2 breaths after every 30 chest compressions.