DNA and IMF - M5 MYP IB Diploma Programme
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11 Terms
What is DNA?
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the instruction manual for all living things, carrying genetic information in a double helix shape.
What does DNA do?
DNA stores genetic instructions for making proteins, which perform most functions in the body, like building muscles, digesting food, and fighting infections.
What are proteins made of?
Proteins are made of about 20 different amino acids.
What is the shape of DNA?
DNA has a double helix shape, like a twisted ladder.
What forms the backbone of DNA?
The backbone of DNA is made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.
What forms the rungs of DNA?
The rungs are made of nitrogen bases (Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine) paired together.
What are the base-pairing rules in DNA?
Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T), and Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C).
What is a nucleotide?
A nucleotide is the monomer of DNA, made of a sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base.
What is a gene?
A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a specific protein.
What are chromosomes?
Chromosomes are tightly coiled DNA strands. Humans have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs).
Note 
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