Basic Geometry Concepts/Vocabulary

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59 Terms

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line segment

a part of a line that has two endpoints

<p>a part of a line that has two endpoints</p>
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plane

flat surface

<p>flat surface</p>
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ray

a part of a line that starts at an endpoint and extends forever in one direction

<p>a part of a line that starts at an endpoint and extends forever in one direction</p>
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parallel lines

lines in the same plane that never intersect

<p>lines in the same plane that never intersect</p>
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intersecting lines

lines that cross at one point

<p>lines that cross at one point</p>
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perpendicular lines

lines that intersect at right angles

<p>lines that intersect at right angles</p>
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angle (∠)

a figure formed by two rays with the same endpoint

<p>a figure formed by two rays with the same endpoint</p>
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vertex

The common endpoint of an angle

<p>The common endpoint of an angle</p>
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Name an angle by its...

vertex

<p>vertex</p>
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right angle

90 degrees

<p>90 degrees</p>
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acute angle

less than 90 degrees

<p>less than 90 degrees</p>
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obtuse angle

An angle between 90 and 180 degrees

<p>An angle between 90 and 180 degrees</p>
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straight angle

180 degrees

<p>180 degrees</p>
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complementary

Two angles whose sum is 90 degrees

<p>Two angles whose sum is 90 degrees</p>
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supplementary angles

Two angles whose sum is 180 degrees

<p>Two angles whose sum is 180 degrees</p>
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polygon

A closed plane figure made up of line segments

<p>A closed plane figure made up of line segments</p>
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triangle

A polygon with three sides.

<p>A polygon with three sides.</p>
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rectangle

A parallelogram with four right angles

<p>A parallelogram with four right angles</p>
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square

A parallelogram with four congruent sides and four right angles.

<p>A parallelogram with four congruent sides and four right angles.</p>
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quadrilateral

a polygon with four sides

<p>a polygon with four sides</p>
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Parallelogram

A quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides

<p>A quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides</p>
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trapezoid

a quadrilateral with one pair of parallel sides

<p>a quadrilateral with one pair of parallel sides</p>
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equilateral triangle

A triangle with three congruent sides

<p>A triangle with three congruent sides</p>
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scalene triangle

a triangle with no congruent sides

<p>a triangle with no congruent sides</p>
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isoceles triangle

a triangle that has (at least) 2 congruent sides

<p>a triangle that has (at least) 2 congruent sides</p>
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acute triangle

a triangle with three acute angles

<p>a triangle with three acute angles</p>
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right triangle

a triangle with one right angle

<p>a triangle with one right angle</p>
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obtuse triangle

a triangle with one obtuse angle

<p>a triangle with one obtuse angle</p>
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perimeter

the distance around a polygon

<p>the distance around a polygon</p>
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regular polygon

A polygon with equal angles and equal sides.

<p>A polygon with equal angles and equal sides.</p>
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Perimeter of a triangle

P = a + b + c

<p>P = a + b + c</p>
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Perimeter of a square

P = 4s

<p>P = 4s</p>
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Perimeter of a rectangle

P = 2L + 2w

<p>P = 2L + 2w</p>
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decagon

a polygon with 10 sides

<p>a polygon with 10 sides</p>
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Parts of a circle

diameter, radius, chord, center

<p>diameter, radius, chord, center</p>
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diameter

the distance across a circle through its center

<p>the distance across a circle through its center</p>
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Radius

The distance from the center of a circle to any point on the circle

<p>The distance from the center of a circle to any point on the circle</p>
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radius formula

r = d/2 or r = 1/2d

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circumference

The distance around a circle

<p>The distance around a circle</p>
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pi (π)

3.14

<p>3.14</p>
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circumference formula

C = 2πr or C = πd

<p>C = 2πr or C = πd</p>
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if the diameter is divisible by 7

use π = 22/7

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diameter formula

d = 2r or c / π

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Pythagorean Theorem

a²+b²=c²

<p>a²+b²=c²</p>
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Hypotenuse

the longest side of a right triangle

<p>the longest side of a right triangle</p>
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area

The number of square units required to cover a surface (square units).

<p>The number of square units required to cover a surface (square units).</p>
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Area of a square

A=s² or A=lw

<p>A=s² or A=lw</p>
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Area of a rectangle

A=lw

<p>A=lw</p>
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Area of a triangle

A=bh/2

<p>A=bh/2</p>
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Area of a parallelogram

A=bh

<p>A=bh</p>
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Area of a trapezoid

A=h(b1+b2)/2

<p>A=h(b1+b2)/2</p>
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Area of a circle

A=πr²

<p>A=πr²</p>
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triangular prism

A prism that has triangular bases

<p>A prism that has triangular bases</p>
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triangular pyramid

A pyramid with a triangular base.

<p>A pyramid with a triangular base.</p>
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square pyramid

a pyramid with a square base

<p>a pyramid with a square base</p>
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surface area

The total area of the surface of a three-dimensional object.

<p>The total area of the surface of a three-dimensional object.</p>
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Surface area formula

2(lw + lh + wh)

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Volume

The amount of space an object takes up (cubic units)

<p>The amount of space an object takes up (cubic units)</p>
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Volume formula

length x width x height

<p>length x width x height</p>