Bio - the cell and its organelles and its functions!!!!!!

functions of the different organelles in the cell

cell membrane

protective barrier, lipid bilayer

cell wall

provides strength and protection, only in plant cells

cytoplasm

fills cell and surrounds organelles

nucleus

control system of cell, protection for DNA

instructions to make protein (cromosones make up chromatin, chromatin makes up DNA)

chromosone/chormatin/DNA

nucleolus

contains RNA to make riboomes, found inside nucleus

made of protein and makes protein

ribosomes

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

makes protein

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

produces fats, folds and prepares protein

golgi body

recieves proteins, transports!!!!

mitochondria

supplies energy (ATP)

Lysosomes

where digestion takes place, breaking down bacteria and damaged cell organelles

vacuoles

stores nutrients, waste, and substances used by the cell

centrioles

FACILITATES CELL DIVISION!!!

cytoskeleton

maintains cell shape and provides structure

Chloroplast

where photosynthesis takes place in a plant cell; only in plant cells

what is interphase?

the process a cell undergoes in preperation for mitosis

describe the processes happening in G1

cell growth, replication of organelles, protein synthesis

describe the processes happening during synthesis or “s”

DNA duplication

describe the processes happening during G2

preparation for cell divison, reorganisation of organelles

name the first phase of mitosis

prophase

name the second phase of mitosis

metaphase

name the third phase of mitosis

anaphase

name the last phase of mitosis

telophase

what is the name and product of the phase after mitosis

cytokenisis; two daughter cells

what happens during prophase?

nucleus dissolves, centrioles migrate to poles, chromosones condense

what happens during metaphase?

chromozones line up, spindle fibres attach to centromeres

what happens during anaphase?

seperation of bivalent chromosones, chromatids go to each pole of the cell

what happens during telophase?

formation of two nuclei, divot between the future daughter cells begins