Test on A&P, Tissues, Organ systems, and Cells

Loose connective tissue

Loose connective tissue

Connects epithelial tissue to underlying tissue. Stops pathogens from entering bloodstream.

Bone tissue

Provides support and protection, also allows the body to move.

Blood connective tissue

Serves as the transportation mechanism for important chemicals in the body.

Smooth muscle tissue

Found inside hollow organs to help them contract.

Adipose tissue

Serves as an energy stockpile, padding, and thermal insulation for the body.

Cartilage connective tissue

Used as a physical shock absorber and reduces friction.

Fibrous connective tissue

Strong, dense tissue that is used to connect muscle to bone and bone to bone.

Nervous tissue

A group of organized cells in the nervous system.

Skeletal muscle tissue

Contract to allow the body to move.

Epithelial tissue

Covers internal and external structures.

Anatomy

The study of an organisms structure, what it looks like, and where it belongs in the body.

Physiology

The study of an organisms purpose, or what it does within the body.

Structural organization of the body

Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism

Molecule

A particle consisting of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds called covalent bonds.

Covalent bonds

Form when electrons are shared between atoms.

Cell

The basic structural unit that creates all living things.

Tissue

Formed when cells of the same type join to preform a common task.

Organ

A part of the body that preforms a specific and important function.

Organ system

Two or more organs working cohesively to preform a specific job in the body.

Tissue is responsible for _____, _____, _____, _____, and _____.

Secretion, movement, strength, excretion, and communication.

Main groups of tissue

Nervous, epithelial, muscle, and connective.

Types of muscle tissue

Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth.

Connective tissue

Provides structure and support for the body.

Types of connective tissue

Loose, Fibrous, Adipose, Cartilage, Bone, and Blood.

Cell membrane

Forms an outer boundary around the cell to separate it from its surroundings.

Cytoplasm

A jelly-like, semi-fluid material that helps to give a cell its shape.

Nucleus

A round structure within the cytoplasm.

Nucleolus

Brain of the nucleus. Plays an important role in the synthesis of proteins and in the production of ribosomes.

Organelles

Have the specific job of helping the cell to function and they are in the cytoplasm.

Lysosomes

Contain enzymes used to digest food as well as other substances. They can destroy bacteria and other foreign matter to protect the cell.

Ribosomes

Help to create protein. They are made of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and protein and are produced in a nucleolus, located in the nucleus. Then they move to the cytoplasm where they may exist freely or attach to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Mitochondria

Break down nutrients to help make the major energy source for the cell, adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Golgi apparatus

A stack of membrane layers that produces, stores, and packages secretions to be sent out of the cell.

Centrioles

Play an important role in cell division. They exist in a single pair in the centrosome in each cell, which is located near the nucleus.

Endoplasmic reticulum

A fine network of tubular structures that allows substances to be transported into and out of the nucleus.

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Helps to make and store proteins.

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Makes lipids.

Vacuole

A space within the cytoplasm of a cell that is empty of cytoplasm, lined with a membrane, and filled with fluid.

Vacuole function

It performs functions such as storage, ingestion, digestion, excretion, and expulsion of excess water.

Integumentary system includes

Consist of skin and its accessories such as hair, nails, glands, and nerves.

Integumentary system function

Keeps the body protected.

Skeletal system includes

Bones and connective tissue including cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.

Skeletal system function

It is the framework for the body.

Muscular system includes

Consists of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles.

Muscular system function

Allows body movement.

Nervous system includes

Brain, spinal cord, ganglion, and nerves.

Nervous system function

The communication network for the body.

Sensory system includes

Receptors, neutral pathways, and parts of the brain involved in sensory reception.

Sensory system function

The part of the nervous system thats responsible for processing the information received from the senses.

Cardiovascular system includes

Heart, arteries, veins, capillaries.

Cardiovascular system function

Making sure blood flows to the whole body.

Lymphatic system includes

Lymph, lymph nodes, vessels, collecting ducts, and the spleen.

Lymphatic system function

Assists the circulatory system and participates in the body´s immunity processes, responsible for protecting the body from contaminants that can make it ill.

Respiratory system includes

Airways, lungs, and blood vessels.

Respiratory system function

To allow the body to take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide, which is known as breathing.

Digestive system includes

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, rectum, and anus.

Digestive system function

Breaks down food into small enough components that can be absorbed and used as fuel and building blocks to replace cells or cell parts.

Urinary system includes

Kidneys, ureters, bladders, and urethra.

Urinary system function

Cleans waste from the body.

Endocrine system includes

Glands.

Endocrine system function

The glands are responsible for producing and secreting hormones that control the functions for which it is responsible. Regulates many functions of the body, such as metabolism, reproduction, and growth and development.

Reproductive system includes (male)

Prostate, testes, and the penis.

Reproductive system includes (female)

Ovaries, fallopian tubes uterus, cervix, and vagina.

Reproductive system function

The process by which organisms make more organisms like themselves.

Nucleolus

The brain of the nucleus.

Lysosome

(yellow blob on top right)

Ribosomes

(dots in middle left)

Mitochondria

(red squiggles in bottom right)

Golgi apparatus

(blue and grey blob in top left)

Centrioles

(blue tubular things middle bottom)

Vacuole

(blue blob middle bottom)

Endoplasmic reticulum

(pale lines above purple circle in middle)

Nucleus

(purple blob in center)