Appendicular Muscles - Lower Body

posterior thigh

extensors of hip flexors of knee are on

anterior thigh

flexors of hip and extensors of knee are on

lateral side

muscles that aBduct thigh are on

medial side

muscles that aDuct thigh are on

3 gluteal muscles

posterior muscles originating on ilium of the pelvis

gluteus maximus

extends and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint

tensor fasciae latae

originates at iliac crest and lateral surfact of anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and ABducts and medially rotation

quadratus femoris

originates on lateral surface of ischial tuberosity of hipbone, laterally rotates thigh at hip joints (clam shells)

iliopsoas group

hip flexors - psoas major, iliacus

psoas major

originates on anterior surface and transverse processes of vertebrae

iliacus

originates on iliac fossa

ADductor group

adductor longus, gracilis, aductor magnum

adductor longus

flexes and medially rotates the thigh at hip joint and long

gracilis

most superficial, located at midline of medial thigh, ADducts medially rotates thigh at hip joint, flexes and medially rotates at knee joint

adductor magnus

largest adductor muscle, flexes and medially rotates thigh at hip joint

hamstrings

originate on ischial tuberosity; major muscles of posterior thigh; flexion at knee; semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris

biceps femoris

lateral muscle of posterior thigh, flexion and also extension and lateral rotation

semitendinous

flexion and also extension and medial rotation of thigh at hip jt, middle of posterior thigh

semimembranosus

flexion and also extension and medial rotation of thigh at hip jt, most medial of posterior thigh

quadriceps femoris

extensors of leg on anterior surface; rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius

rectus femoris

largest muscle in quadricep group, also flexes thigh at hip and extends knee

vastus medialis

most medial quadricep

vastus intermedius

deep to rectus femoris

vastus lateralis

ideal site for intramuscular injection in babies

sartorius

orginates at ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine), sits cross legged so flexion at knee, abduction and flexion and lateral rotation at hip

abduction at hip joint (not rotation)

tensor fasciae latae

adduction at hip joint

adductor brevis, longus, magnus, gracilis, pectineus

extension at hip joint

gluteus maximus, adductor magnus, biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus

flexion at hip joint

iliopsoas, adductor brevis, longus, magnus, sertorius, rectus femoris, gracilis

lateral rotation at hip joint

adductor magnus, gluteus maximus, sartorus, quadratus femoris

medial rotation at hip joint

gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae

gastronemius

superficial layer of muscles that extend (plantar flexion) at ankle, posterior side

posterior compartment of leg, deep layer

tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus

tibialis posterior

plantar flexion at ankle, inversion of foot

flexor hallucis longus

flexion of joints of greater toe and plantar flexion of ankle

flexor digititorum longus

flexion of toes 2-5 and plantar flexion of ankle

tibialis anterior

dorsiflexion (muscles flex at ankle) on anterior side of leg

fibularis longus and brevis

lateral compartment of leg, help with eversion of foot and plantar flexion at ankle

extension at knee joint

quadriceps femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis

flexion at knee joint

sartorius, gracilis, adductor longus, brevis, magnus, biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendonosus

foot dorsiflexion

Tibialis anterior

Plantar Flexion foot

Gastrocnemius, Soleus Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Tibialis posterior

(Fibularis longus) (Fibularis brevis) (Plantaris)

Eversion foot

Fibularis longus Fibularis brevis (Fibularis tertius)

inversion foot

tibialis posterior

toes extension

extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus