Chemistry REVIEW for Mr tangelders

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alloy

solution of two metals or a metal and a nonmetal that has the properties of a metal

atom

smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element

chemical equation

expression in which symbols and formulas are used to represent a chemical reaction

chemical formula

combination of chemical symbols usually used to represent a compound

chemical symbol

shorthand way of representing an element

chemistry

study of what substances are made of and how they change and combine

coefficient

number placed in front of a symbol or formula in a chemical equation that indicates how many atoms or molecules of the substance are involved in the reaction

colloid

homogeneous mixture that is not a true solution

compound

two or more elements chemically combined

element

simplest type of pure substance

endothermic reaction

chemical reaction in which heat energy is absorbed (take on)

exothermic reaction

chemical reaction in which heat energy is released (given off)

heterogeneous matter

matter that has parts with different properties

heterogeneous mixture

mixture that does not appear to be the same throughout

homogeneous matter

matter that has identical properties throughout

homogeneous mixture

mixture that appears to be the same throughout

insoluble

unable to be dissolved in water

mixture

matter that consists of two or more substances mixed together but not chemically combined

molecule

combination of atoms formed by a covalent bond

pure substance

substance made of only one kind of material having definite properties

solubility

maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a definite amount of solvent at a specific temperature

soluble

able to be dissolved

solute

substance that is dissolved in a solution

solution

homogeneous mixture in which on substance is dissolved in another substance

solvent

substance that does the dissolving in a solution

subscript

small number place to the lower right of a chemical symbol that gives the number of atoms of the element in the compound

Classes of Matter

Classification of matter based on its physical and chemical properties.

Mixture

A combination of two or more substances where each retains its own properties.

Law of Conservation of Matter

Matter cannot be created or destroyed, only changed in form.

Homogeneous Mixture

A mixture that has a uniform composition throughout.

Heterogeneous Mixture

A mixture that consists of visibly different substances or phases.

Colloid

A heterogeneous mixture where microscopically dispersed insoluble particles are suspended.

Solution

A homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances.

Solvent

The substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution.

Solute

The substance that is dissolved in a solution.

Acid

A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.

Base

A substance that decreases the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.

Chemical Property

A characteristic of a substance that can only be observed during a chemical reaction.

Physical Property

A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's identity.

Isotope

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

Compound

A substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together.

Chemical Equation

A representation of a chemical reaction using symbols and formulas.

pH Scale

A scale used to measure how acidic or basic a liquid is.

Indicator

A substance that changes color to indicate the presence of an acid or base.