Particle Theory

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts from the Principles of Chemistry lecture.

Chemistry

The study of matter and the changes that it can undergo.

Matter

Anything that has mass and occupies space.

States of Matter

The three main physical forms in which matter exists: Solid, Liquid, Gas.

Particulate Theory of Matter

The theory that states all matter is made up of particles (atoms, molecules, ions) that are extremely small.

Key Points of the Particulate Theory

1. All matter is made up of particles. 2. The particles are in continuous, random motion. 3. There is empty space between the particles. 4. There are forces of attraction among the particles.

Brownian Motion

The random, zigzag movement of tiny particles suspended in a fluid due to bombardment by fast-moving atoms and molecules.

Diffusion

The net movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.

Concentration

How abundant particles are in a certain region.

Osmosis

The net movement of water molecules from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.

Solution

A mixture formed when substances are dissolved in water, where the dissolved substances are solutes and water is the solvent.

Concentrated Solution

A solution with a high solute concentration and low solvent concentration.

Dilute Solution

A solution with low solute concentration and high solvent concentration.