BIOL 107 Part B - Cell Membranes and Transport (Terms)

Unicellular

An organism containing one cell

Multicellular

An organism made up of multiple cells

Erthrocytes

Human red blood cells containing hemoglobin proteins that deliver oxygen from the lungs to the tissues

Absorbptive Enterocytes

Human intestine cells that import nutrients from the gut to the body

Plasma Membrane

The flexible barrier surrounding cells that contains cell contents and allows specific molecules to enter or leave

Cholesterol

An amphipathic molecule found between phospholipids in the plasma membrane that helps the membrane maintain moderate fluidity

Integral Membrane Proteins

Proteins found on the plasma membrane that reach the hydrophobic interior of the lipid bilayer, either spanning the bilayer entirely or partway

Peripheral Membrane Proteins

Proteins loosely bound to the surface of the plasma membrane that are connected to an integral membrane protein

Transport Proteins

A transmembrane protein responsible for movement of molecules in and out of a cell that acts as a channel across the membrane for a certain particle or changes shape to move molecules

Membrane Carbohydrates

Glycolipids and glycoproteins on the extracellular surface of the plasma membrane that protect the cell by providing a fuzzy, physical shield against damage

Antibodies

Small proteins created by white blood cells that recognize and neutralize specific foreign antigens on the surface of target cells

Antigens

Molecules on the surface of cells that induce an immune response in the body by coming into contact with a corresponding antibody

Blood Type O+

Human blood type containing H antigens and D antigens

Blood Type O-

Human blood type containing H antigens

Blood Type A+

Human blood type containing H antigens, A antigens, and D antigens

Blood Type A-

Human blood type containing H antigens and A antigens

Blood Type B+

Human blood type containing H antigens, B antigens, and D antigens

Blood Type B-

Human blood type containing H antigens and B antigens

Blood Type AB-

Human blood type containing H antigens, A antigens, and B antigens

Blood Type AB+

Human blood type containing H antigens, A antigens, B antigens, and D antigens