Introduction: The Baroque Style

Giovanni Battista Gaulli Peter Paul Reubens Guido Reni Caravaggio Parmigianino Gian Lorenzo Bernini Francesco Borromimi

Triumph of the Name of Jesus ~ Giovanni Battista Gaulli

• 1678-9

• fresco of Jesuit history

• stucco moulding gold swirls

• foreshortened figures

• commissioned for the nave of the Church of the Gesù (Rome, Italy)

Entrothed Madonna Surrounded by Saints ~ Peter Paul Reubens

• pre-1640

• religious subject matter

• muscular figure

• grandeus

Baroque art

• tenebrism (extreme light and dark)

• genre and religious painting

• still-lives with themes of death+change

• didactic (intended to teach with moral instruction)

• momento mori (reminder of the inevitability of death)

• curvilinear

• emphasis on grandeur

• muscular figures

• most important moment

David with the Head of Goliath ~ Guido Reni

• 1604-6

• commissioned for Ottavio Costa

• chiaroscuro

• muscular form

• religious subject matter

Madonna of the Pilgrims ~ Caravaggio

• 1604-5

• religious subject matter

• only a slim halo shows Madonna’s saintly status.

• Two ordinary pilgrims kneeling before her divinity

Madonna with the Long Neck ~ Parmigianino

• 1535-40

• incomplete due to Parmigianino’s death

• small figure of St. Jerome in bottom right

• long neck is a rejection of traditional art painting rules.

The Supper at Emmaus ~ Caravaggio

• use of chiaroscuro

• 1601

• religious subject matter (on 3rd day after Jesus’ crucifixion, He appears to two of His disciples who don’t recognise Him until he blesses and breaks bread.

• Christ looks unusual without His beard

• gestures and expressions of disciples allows viewer to feel included

• commissioned by Ciriaco Mattei

Daniel and the Lion ~ Gian Lorenzo Bernini

• 1655-7

• the prophet Daniel in the Lion's den

• part of larger composition with sculpture Habakkuk and the Angel.

• shows escape from death by G-d’s grace

• commissioned for Chigi Chapel

Habakkuk and the Angel ~ Gian Lorenzo Bernini

• 1655-61

• commissioned for the Chigi Chapel

• muscular form

• from the Book of Daniel

• part of a larger composition with sculpture of Daniel and the Lion.

San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane ~ Francesco Borromimi

• 1665-8

• commissioned under the patronage of Cardinal Francesco Barberini

• concave-convex facade

• corinthian columns

• sculpture to add drama

baroque architecture

• oval shape

• contrast (like lighting)

• drama

• curvaceousness

• gilded statuary

• bright colours

• illusionary painted ceilings

David ~ Gian Lorenzo Bernini

• 1623-4

• commissioned for Cardinal Scipione Borghese’s villa

• Show’s biblical David about to throw a stone at Goliath to bring him down.

• muscular body

• white marble

The Crucifixion of Saint Peter ~ Caravaggio

• 1601

• chiaroscuro

• religious subject matter

• depicts the martyrdom of St. Peter

• The apostle’s nudity accentuates his vulnerability.

• muscular body considering his age

• commissioned by Monsignor Tiberio Cerasi

Gabriele Fonseca ~ Gian Lorenzo Bernini

• sculptural portrait

• 1668

• marble

• over life-size