Lifestyle diseases

Cardiovascular diseases

-CHD
-heart attack
-stroke
-atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis

build up of fatty deposits that form plaque on arterial walls
this narrows lumen + hardens walls

CHD

narrow of coronary arteries which supply heart with oxygen
can lead to high blood pressure or heart attacks

Heart attack

plaque breaks away from arterial walls and blocks coronary artery

Stroke

damage to brain cells due to lack of oxygen

Ischaemic stroke

blockage of blood in brain

Haemorrhagic stroke

blood vessel bursts in brain, causing a bleed

Positive effects of exercise on reducing cardio diseases

-prevents atherosclerosis
-decreased body fat and weight
-cardiac hypertrophy
-reduced risk of stroke

Respiratory diseases

-asthma
-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Asthma

constriction of bronchiole airways and inflammation of mucous membrane, restricting airways

Symptoms of asthma

-shortness of breath
-wheezing
-coughing

COPD

airways become inflamed and narrow

COPD includes what conditions

-severe asthma
-chronic bronchitis
-emphysema

Positive effects of exercise on reducing respiratory diseases

-increased strength of respiratory muscles
-maintain elasticity of lung tissue
-increased surface area of alveoli