Group & Family Therapy Work

5 Stages of Group Development

1. Pregroup

2. Forming

3. Storming

4. Norming

5. Performing

6. Adjourning

Mascot

The family member who deflects tension and conflict with humor or distraction. Often a “class-clown.”

Hero

The family member who is often seen as the “golden child”. They represent the family ideals and is the face of the family. May be used to mask the problems with conflict going on in the family.

Lost Child

Often do not want to “rock the boat” and isolate themself or distract themselves away from the family. They often avoid family conflict. May become involved in school, hobbies, or other activities.

Scapegoat

This family member becomes the “fall guy” where all problems are places on them. The family places blame on them in order to keep the focus off of other family members. Usually cynical and mean, often seeking attention.

Enabler

This family member is the martyr of the family and often supports dysfunctional behavior or patterns in the family but also a prime enforcer of the family roles. Attempts to shield the negative image of another family member.

Rigid Boundaries

Boundaries in which communication is often obstructed. An increase in rigidity increases resistance. May include family members acting out and lacking loyalty to the family unit; rebellion or over compliance by children, engaging in risky behavior, anger, resentment. Struggles of autonomy and independence.

Chaotic/Diffuse/Enmeshed Boundaries

Boundaries where there is little independence from family members. Emotionally dependent upon each other.

7 stages of Community Development

1. Integrate into the Community

2. Identify the Problem

3. Set Goals & Objectives

4. Identify Individuals/Create Groups

5. Create an Action Plan

6. Put Plan into Place

7. Evaluate Plan

Organizing

This type of community work involves sing collective power of a community to engage in issues and problems. The goal is to top the balance of power.

Social Planning

This type of community work involves a group & the community deciding on goals. The social work facilities planning and the community members are the experts.

Development

This type of community work involves the process of reaching a group consensus about common concerns and collaborating in problem solving.

Coercive Power

Power from control of punishment. Example: A prison guard who has control over punishments like solitary confinement and access to resources

Reward Power

Power from control of rewards. Ex: A teacher gives rewards or prizes to students who model correct behavior or meet academic achievements

Expert Power

Power from superior or increased knowledge. Example: CDC scientists use knowledge and experience to make medical decisions.

Referent Power

Power from having charisms or being identified with others in power. Ex: Politicians and lobbyists.

Legitimate Power

Power from having legitimate authority. Ex: A principal over a school

Informational Power

Power from having access to information. Ex: people who have access to internet.