Studied by 0 people
Why the civil war is known as the “first modern war”
Modern tech + ancient technique, fighting in lines across the battle field
what percent of the world’s cotton does the south supply?
2/3rds
Confederate general, veteran of the Mexican war, and his men kill 1.7k+ soldiers at the battle of bull run
Robert E. Lee
Lincoln’s “hidden weapons”: could carry troops and Northern ones are under government control
Railroads
America’s 1st mass level of communication, used Morse code for brief messages, and gave Lincoln an advantage over the south
Telegraph
¾ of all operation done by army surgeons are
amputations
started the red cross, was a battlefield nurse
Clara Barton
led to an increase in hygiene, leads to an increase of amputation survivors
bromine
Union general, tactics known as “total war”, ripped up the south’s railroads
William Sherman
December 1859 - hanged + tried for murder, treason, and inciting slaves to rebel
John Brown
1860 election results
lincoln wins
Why did Lincoln disown john brown
people assumed that he paid for Brown’s raid
all sins get paid for all at once
delayed punishment
ran for president with the idea of popular sovereignty among the states
Stephen Douglass
letting states decide on slavery
popular soverignty
ran for president w the idea of pro-slavery, southern states primary voter base
John Breckinridge
republican, “Keep it where it’s at” idea on slavery, northern states primary voters
Lincoln
constitutional union party, “we believe in the constitution + maintaining the union” and Civil War fought where his voter base is
John Bell
9 million population with about 4m enslaved
south population
22 million population
north population
unlike the north, everyone in the south
is involved in the war
fought in Leesburg, Union tried to attack but Confederates guarded it really well. Almost 1,000 union soldiers in action
Battle of Ball’s Bluff
Fort Evans, Fort Beauregard, Fort Johnston
3 major forts in Leesburg
Lincoln’s main goal in 1861
preserve the union
Union tries to overtake Richmond, General stalls because he thinks he is outnumbered, leads to a Confederate victory
1862 peninsula campaign
Union General fired by Lincoln for stalling in the peninsula campaign
General McClellan
23,000 casualties (single bloodiest DAY in the war) one of the 1st major union victories in the east
Antietam 1862
what did the Battle of Antietam lead Lincoln into doing?
proposing the emancipation proclamation
Union general at Antietam who leads a lot of union soldiers to their deaths over a cornfield, fired by Lincoln
Ambros Burnsides
Union general with a casualty rate of over 50%, fought at the battle of Fredericksburg in 1862
Thomas Hooker
“grey ghost” who kidnapped a general without anyone noticing, and had a 90% casualty rate
Mosby’s Rangers
January 1st, 1863
Emancipation Proclamation goes into effect
union army takes Mississippi river, once Vicksburg’s bluff falls, entire MI river under union control
Battle of Vicksburg 1863
bloodiest BATTLE of the war, over 51,000 deaths in over 3 days
battle of Gettysburg 1863
Lincoln dedicates a portion of the cemetery in Gettysburg to those who died in the battle
Gettysburg Address 1863
2 states where dairy cattle + hay were the major agricultural crop
Maine and New York
3 states where corn + wheat were grown
Ohio, North Carolina and Indiana
Texas, Louisiana, Alabama, south carolina, georgia
Cotton was grown in which states
4 ways Virginians made money PRE-WAR
Corn, wheat, tobacco, factories
made paper notes legal tender and created a national currency
Legal Tender Act
Contested the president’s power to suspend the writ of habeas corpus during a national emergency. (Lincoln ignored this ruling from Chief Justice Robert Taney)
Ex Parte Merryman
“all persons held as slaves within the rebellious states are, and henceforth, to be free”
Emancipation Proclamation
What secretary helped with the emancipation proclamation?
William H Seward
Established first national draft system, required registration for every male citizen + immigrant between 20-45 years of age
1st Conscription Act
What secretary helped with the 1st Conscription act?
Edwin Stanton
allowed federal government to seize property (slaves counted as property) that were being used to support Confederate rebellion
Confiscation act
what secretary helped with the confiscation act?
Edward bates
granted adult heads of families 160 acres of land for a small filing fee and 5 years of residence on the land
Homestead Act
designated 32nd parallel as the initial transcontinental railroad route + provided government bonds to fund the project and large pieces of land for rights of way
Pacific Railroad Act
set aside federal lands to create colleges for the agricultural and mechanical acts
Morrill Land Grant Act
military strat proposed by Union General Winfield Scott early in the civil war. The plan called for a naval blockade of the Confederate littoral, thrust down the Mississippi, and strangulation of the south by Union armed forces.
Anaconda Plan
Arkansas, Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia
Border states
to force men into the armed forces
conscription
type of warship
Ironclads
temporary rule by military rather than other civilian authority
Martial Law
to withdraw from an organization
secede
surrounding + bombarding a fortified place with the intention of the opponent surrendering
siege
railroad that connected the east and west united states
transcontinental railroad
another turning going in the war, decreased Confederate morale and economic losses
sherman’s march to the sea
organization among abolitionists that helped escaped slaves fleeing to the northern states/canada
underground railroad
military strat involving using all available resources + weapons to destroy the enemy
total war
1st major battle of the civil war, and who won
1st Manassas, Confederate victory
robert e Lee surrendered to ulysses s grant, allowing union victory over the war
appomattox court house
outlawed slavery above 36-30 line in Louisiana territory, people arguing over # of free/slave due to house of reps. + congress
missouri compromise
fought in Texas, new Mexico, california, North and central Mexico. (soon after Texas revolution) leads to treaty of Guadalupe hidalgo
mexican war
measures proposed by clay in 1850: called for California as a free state, established boundary between Texas and US, abolished slave trade in DC and amended fugitive slave act
compromise of 1850
anti slavery novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, about a slave who saved little Eva whose father purchases tom
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
repealed Missouri compromise, created 2 new territories that allow popular sovereignty, produced bleeding kansas
Kansas-Nebraska Act
violent civil confrontation in Kansas + with Missouri, political ideological debate on legality of slavery, ~55 killed
Bleeding Kansas
supreme court ruled slaves not US citizens and can’t expect protection from federal courts
Dred Scott vs. Sandford
debates between Abe Lincoln and Stephen Douglas in a campaign for an Illinois senate spot, helped Lincoln work his way to presidency
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
raid on harpers ferry, john Brown an abolitionist is the leader, 16 killed, brown hanged, 6 tried and escaped
John Brown’s Raid
gave Lincoln a victory over in both popular and electoral vote, Kentucky did not support Lincoln, remained an important focus in lincoln’s policies during the civil war
election of 1860
2 states where total war was exhibited
Virginia and Georgia
barns and smokehouses burned to the ground
burning raids of loudoun valley
lincoln vs freemont vs mcclellan
election of 1864
who does Lincoln have as his running mate in the 1864 election?
andrew johnson
union soldiers blow up tunnels under Petersburg, but there’s no oxygen, so they fight in the craters of the caves
Siege of Petersburg
Note 
Flashcard (124)