APUSH 23 Simple IDs

Waving the Bloody Shirt

Republican tactic of attacking Democrats by reminding voters of the Civil War

Credit Mobilier

Corrupt construction company whose bribes created a major Grant-era scandal

Liberal Republican Party

Short-lived 1872 third party formed to curb Grant-era corruption

Silver

Precious metal soft-money advocates wanted recoined after the “Crime of ’73”

Greenback Labor Party

Soft-money third party advocating inflation; won over a million votes in 1878

Gilded Age

Mark Twain’s term for the post–Civil War era of greed and corruption

Grand Army of the Republic

Union veterans’ organization that supported the Republican Party

Stalwarts

Republican faction led by Roscoe Conkling that opposed civil-service reform

Half-Breeds

Republican faction led by James G. Blaine that claimed to support reform but sought patronage

Compromise of 1877

Political agreement that resolved the disputed 1876 election

Chinese

Asian immigrant group that faced heavy discrimination on the West Coast

Civil-Service System

System of hiring federal employees based on merit, created by the Pendleton Act

McKinley Tariff

Extremely high 1890 tariff that angered farmers

Populist Party

Insurgent political party that gained farmer support in the 1890s

Grandfather Clause

Voting law that exempted men from literacy tests if ancestors had voted in 1860, excluding blacks

Ulysses S. Grant

Great military leader whose presidency was weakened by corruption

Jim Fisk

Financier who attempted to corner the gold market in 1869

Boss Tweed

Corrupt New York political boss jailed in 1871

Horace Greeley

Eccentric editor who ran against Grant in 1872

Samuel Tilden

Prosecutor of Boss Tweed who lost the contested 1876 election

Denis Kearney

Leader of the anti-Chinese movement in California

Tom Watson

Populist leader who later became a racist demagogue

Roscoe Conkling

Powerful New York senator and leader of the Stalwarts

James G. Blaine

Charismatic but corrupt Half-Breed senator and 1884 nominee

Rutherford B. Hayes

Winner of the 1876 election; ended Reconstruction

James Garfield

President whose assassination led to civil-service reform

Jim Crow

System of racial segregation laws

Grover Cleveland

First Democratic president after the Civil War; supported low tariffs

William Jennings Bryan

Young congressman who championed free silver

J. P. Morgan

Wealthy banker who secretly bailed out the U.S. government in 1895