AP Lang Parts of Speech

what is a noun

person, place, thing or idea

singular noun

names one thing

plural noun

names more than one thing

proper noun

names particular person, place, thing or idea

common noun

any person, place, thing or idea

collective noun

names a group but singular word

concrete noun

names things recognized by senses

abstract noun

names ideas, qualities, feelings

compound noun

noun made of two or more words

what takes the place of a noun

pronoun

personal pronoun

refers to people

indefinite pronoun

doesn't refer to a specific thing

interrogative pronoun

introduce an interrogative sentence

demonstrative pronoun

points out something

interrogative pronouns

who, whom, whose, which, what

demonstrative pronouns

this, these, that, those

types of verbs

action
linking
helping

irregular linking verbs

taste
feel
smell
sound
look
appear
become
seem
grow
remain
stay

what describes nouns and pronouns

adjectives

adjective questions

which one?
what kind?
how many?
how much?
whose?

what three things are always adjectives

a, an, the

what modifies verbs, adjectives, and others of themselves

adverbs

adverb questions

where?
when?
how?
how often?
to what extent?

you cannot tell what...

part of speech a word is until you determine its function in a sentence

placement words

prepositons

but is a preposition if it means

except

what always introduces an adverb clause

subordinating conjunctions

subordinating conjunctions answer what questions

the same questions as adverbs

not is always an

adverb

to is always an

adverb

if an adverb is modifying a verb, it can be

anywhere

if an adverb is modifying an adjective or adverb, it must be

right before it

if a word/phrase/clause (except participial phrase) comes before the subject, it will be

an adverb