chemistry formulae

forumula for hydrochloric acid

HCL

formula for sulphuric acid

H2SO4

forumla for nitric acid

HNO3

formula for phosphoric acid

H3PO4

what is soluble in liquid

all group 1 compounds

all nitrate componds

all ammonium compounds

what is insoluble in liquid

Ag+ , pb2+ chlorides

Ba2+, pb2+ sulfates

most hydroxides

most carbonates

how to do ionic equations

1. balance equation

2. split into ions

3. cancel out spectator ions

how to find limiting reagents

1. find the mole ratio

2. figure out how much moles of something is needed for other reactant

3. limiting is the one used up first

4. excess is the left over

How to know what mass of a substance is needed to react w another specific mass

1. balance

2. find moles of substance you’re given

3. use molar ratio to work moles of substance needed to find

4. convert moles of required into asked form

how to calculate Mass of something formed

1. look at moles

2. calc mole for given element

3. make ratio same

4. then do mass times moles

how to make standard solution

1. calc mass needed to produce 250cm of 0.1 mol solution and weight

2. transfer into beaker & add distilled water

3. stir w glass rod til fully dissolved

4. transfer to volumetric flask using funnel

5. rinse beaker, rod, funnel w distilled water multiple times

6. add distilled water to meniscus at eye level

7. mix, stopper flask & invert several times.

how to calc num of atoms or electrons using avogardo constant

1. look at forumlae

2. do num of particles x amount of elements

3. ti find electron do this answer x atomic num

Define relative atomic mass

average mass of an elements atom compared to one twelfth the mass of a single carbon 12 atom