Chapter 2: Understanding Theory

Dramaturgical theory

________ can be helpful in examining all types of social interactions.

Structural Functionalism

________, by focusing on the need for social order & harmony, con overlooks times in the life of the society where rapid social change- even if it may lead to some social chaos is the just thing to do.

Marx

________ held that advanced capitalism is an economic system based on profit and the pursuit of maximum profit.

Unit of analysis

________ is what is being examined.

Constructionists

________ argue while culture /society hoes exist and is felt by the individuals it is ultimately created and sustained by social systems, which must be made more just.

Presentation of Self Skills

________ are efforts to shape physical, verbal, visual, and gestural messages that we give to others to achieve impression management.

Disability scholars

________ frequently use the conflict perspective to analyze how modern Westen Societies create the built environment in ways that worked for able- bodied people but not those living with disabilities.

Humans

________ can sketch fantastically intricate designs and make them become real in the world.

Manifest Functions

________ are obvious and stated reasons that a social institution exists.

Micro level Analysis

________ focuses on either an individual or small groups.

Dysfunction

________ are an unintended consequence of behavioral patterns.

Bourgeoise

________ is the rich owners of the means of production.

Sociologists

________ see change happening when there are large- scale, macro- structural shifts in society or institutions within one of more societies.

Social Change

________ is a large- scale, macroscopic, structural shift in society.

Social Solidarity

________ is the moral order of society.

Props

________ are material objects.

Symbolic Interactionism

________ is the way individuals behave and interact with other people.

Latent Functions

________ are unintended consequences of an institution.

Proletariat

________ are the workers, those who dont own the means of production.

Social Institutions

________ are sets of statues and toles focused around one central aspect of society.

Karl Marxs

Communism under ________ conceptualization of communism all citizens would be queal and able to fulfill their species- being.

Social Harmony

________ occurs when a society with organic solidarity is "healthy, "where the parts of the society are working well together.

feminist conflict theorists

The ________ argue that men as a category of people have greater access to social rewards than women.

conflict perspective

The ________ is so focused on oppression they overlook movements when society is doing well.

Value Coercion

________ is an idea that the haves use their power over the major institutions to force their values onto the have- nots as part of their effort to maintain their higher- status positions in society.

Theoretical Perspectives

________ are groups of theories that share certain common ways of "seeing "how society works.

Culture

________ is the way of life of a particular group of people.

Social Scripts

________ are the interactional rules that people use to guide an interaction.

Species Being

________ is the unique potential to imagine and then create what we imagine.

Social Actors

________ are individuals involved in interactions.

Emile Durkheim

________ examined social solidarity throughout history.

Theory

________ is created by one or more small number of sociologists working together, it attempts to explain a particular aspect of the social structure or a kind of social interaction between individuals.

Socialization

________ can happen at any time in a persons life but is most intense in childhood.

Alienation

________ is the theoretical concept to describe the isolation, dehumanizing, and disenchanting effects of working within a capitalist system of production.

False Consciousness

________ is Marxs theory that the proletariat did not understand how they were being mistreated and misled by the owners of the means of production.

Social Constructionism

________ holds that every society creates norms, values, objects, and symbols that it finds meaningful and useful.

Mechanical Solidarity

________ is solidarity derived from the similarity of its members.

Organic Solidarity

________ is solidarity where societies operate like a living organism, with various parts, each specializing in only certain tasks but dependent on the others for survival.

Social Order

________ is how the components of a society work together to maintain the society.

Structural Functionalism

________ is the view of modern societies as consisting of interdependent parts working together for the good of the whole.

Marx

________ believed that after a few generations of socialism as an economic system, some of the key social institutions, such as political and economic systems, would no longer be needed and would disappear.

Conflict Theory

is the second macro-theoretical perspective

Means of Production

is the technology and materials needed to produce products

Lumpenproletariat

is the perpetually unemployed

True Consciousness

when the proletariat are no longer in false consciousness and are aware of how they are being mistreated and misled.

Communism

under Karl Marx’s conceptualization of communism all citizens would be equal and able to fulfill their species being.

Self

or the sense of self, is the knowledge that she or he is unique, separate from every other human

Primary Socialization

is socialization that occurs in childhood, the most intense time for socialization

Primary Groups

are small collections of people of which a person is a member, usually for life, and in which deep emotional ties develop

Front Stage

is where an interaction actually takes place

Back Stage

is where one prepares for an interaction