3 Mechanism of action of organs in human body

Types of tissues

epithelial, connctive, muslce, nervous

Epithelial

covers and protects (skin)

connective

joins, suppots, protects, insulates, nourishes and cushion orgnas

muscles

cells that can contract and relax to produce movement

nervous

sends electrical signals throughout the body (brain, nervs, sense organs)

Neccessary life function 1

respiration, digestion, excretion, movement, responsiveness

respiration

oxygen is taken in from the environment and transported to all cells in the organism for use at cellular level

digestion

breakdown of ingested food to provide glucose and other nutrients to all cells in the organism for use at the cellular level

excretion

removal of wastes from the body

movement

locomotion, propulsion (peristalsis) and contractility

responsiveness

ability to sense changes in the environment and respond to them

metabolism

all chemical reactions that occur in the body

reproduction

cellular adn organism levels

cellular

an original cell divides and produces two identical daughter cells

oragnism

sperm and egg cells unite to make a whole new person

growth

increase in size of a body part or of the organism

Oxygen and Food (glucose)

are required by the body and used to make ATP in the Mitochondria

ATP

is a molecule that stores energy in a form that cells can use.  CO₂ and water are produced as waste which must be removed

11 major organ system

•Integumentary

•Muscular

•Skeletal

•Cardiovascular

•Nervous

•Lymphatic

•Digestive

•Endocrine

•Respiratory

•Urinary

•Reproductive

Integumentary system

•Forms the external body covering

•Composed of skin, sweat glands, oil glands, hair, and nails

•Protects deep tissues from injury and synthesizes vitamin D

Skeletal system

•Composed of bone, cartilage, and ligaments

•Protects and supports body organs

•Provides the framework for muscles

•Site of blood cell formation

•Stores minerals

Muscular system

•Composed of muscles and tendons

•Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression

•Maintains posture

•Produces heat

Cardiovascular system

•Composed of the heart and blood vessels

•The heart pumps blood

•The blood vessels transport blood throughout the body

Lymphatic system

•Composed of red bone marrow, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, and lymphatic vessels

•Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood

•Disposes of debris in the lymphatic stream

•Houses white blood cells involved with immunity

Respiratory system

•Composed of the nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs

•Keeps blood supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide

Digestive system

•Composed of the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and liver

•Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood

•Removes indigestible foodstuffs as feces

Urinary system

•Composed of kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

•Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body

•Regulates water, electrolyte, and pH balance of the blood

Endocrine system

•Provides for control of long-term processes including fluid balance, growth, development

•Composed of glands that produce hormones

•Includes pituitary, thyroid, adrenal and thymus glands, as well as pancreas and reproductive organs

Sensory Organs

•Ability to sense changes in the environment

•Includes skin, eyes, ears, nose & tongue

•Vision, touch, hearing, smell & taste

integumentary system

•protects the body from the external environment

Nutrients and oxygen

it distributes by blood

Metabolic wastes

are eliminated by the urinary and respiratory systems