Photosynthesis - Hon bio

chemical equation of photosynthesis

word equation of photosynthesis

carbon dioxide + water → sugar (glucose) +oxygen

Label each part of the leaf tissue

Upper and Lower Epidermis

These cover and protect the surface of the plant. They secrete the waxy cuticle. This layer is thin to allow light to penetrate it.

waxy cuticle

This is waterproof layer that helps to minimize the water loss from the plant.

Palisade Mesophyll

The cells of this tissue are tightly packed. They contain many chloroplasts containing chlorophyll to absorb light for photosynthesis.

Spongy Mesophyll

This tissue has many air spaces, which allows gas exchange to take place easily. It allows carbon dioxide to diffuse in and oxygen to diffuse out.

Guard Cells

These control the opening and closing of the stomata (small pores in the leaf). This controls water loss and gas exchange.

What does the xylem transport?

water and mineral ions

What does the phloem transport?

dissolved food (glucose)

In which direction does the xylem transport molecules?

up

In which direction does the pholem transport molecules?

up and down

Does the xylem require energy to transport molecules?

no; physical process

Does the phloem require energy to transport molecules?

yes

What is the purpose of the stomata in photosynthesis?

They control gas exchange (intake of C02 and outtake of 02) and regulate water vapor to prevent the plant from drying out. 

Why are stomata able to close?

to prevent water loss (downside: also stops photosynthesis)

What are the reactants of photosynthesis? (select all that apply)

a. Carbon dioxide

b. Hydrogen

c. Oxygen

d. Water

e. Glucose

a. Carbon dioxide

d. Water

Besides these reactants, what else is needed for photosynthesis to occur?

light

What are the products of photosynthesis (the chemicals that are produced)? Select all that apply

a. Carbon dioxide

b. Hydrogen

c. Oxygen

d. Water

e. Glucose

c. Oxygen

e. Glucose

Which type of organisms can carry out photosynthesis?

Autotrophs

What is the name of the green pigment that absorbs light in plants?

chlorophyll

What is the name of the organelle shown in the diagram above?

Chloroplast

"The cells on either side of the stoma are called _______________ cells." What is the missing word in this sentence?

Guard

Which tissue in the leaf carries out the majority of photosynthesis?

Palisade mesophyll

Which factors can affect the rate of photosynthesis? Select all that apply.

a. Temperature

b. Availability of mineral ions

c. Light intensity

d. Carbon dioxide concentration

e. Oxygen concentration

 f. Wind intensity

a.Temperature

c. Light intensity

d. Carbon dioxide concentration

Why do we see the leaf as green?

When light hits a green leaf, the chlorophyll pigment in the leaf absorbs blue and red wavelengths of light. Green wavelengths of light are reflected, which is why we see plant leaves as green. 

What is light intensity?

how much light the plant receives

Photosynthesis is a ______ reaction

chemical

Can temperature control the reaction of photosynthesis?

Yes, high temperatures can denature proteins, while low temperatures can slow down enzyme activity. There is an optimal temperature at which enzymes function most efficiently.

Where does the light-independent reaction take place?

stroma

Where does the light- dependent reaction take place?

thylakoids

light-dependent reactions ( label the thylakoid membrane)

What is the source of energy for the light-dependent reaction in a thylakoid?

light energy from the sun

Where are chlorophyll molecules located?

inside chloroplasts (specifically in the thylakoid membrane and PSII and PSI.)

What happens when high energy electrons pass through the electron transport chain?

They lose energy, which is used to pump hydrogen ions and generate ATP and NADPH.

Which molecules combine to form ATP?

ADP and Pi (phosphate group)

Name the process where molecules combine to form ATP

phosphorylation

What is an electron acceptor?

a molecule or atom that receives electrons from another substance during a chemical reaction

What are the products of this reaction that will go on to be used in the light independent reaction?

NADPH and ATP