American History II JCJC Final Exam

Jobs that were typically intended for women in the 1920s were called: 

 

Pink collar

Hoover's ideals for business and government: 

Was for business to voluntarily do as government asked

Because of Prohibition, alcohol production

Was typically run by gangs and the mob

The Black Tuesday Crash of the stock market in 1929:

Did not immediately lead to the Great Depression, but started the process

The African-American-focused writing and music of the 1920s was called:

Harlem Renaissance

In the 1920s, religious fundamentalism began to grow leading to: 

A divide between more liberal urban areas and conservative rural ones

In the 1920s, American ideology toward other countries

Became more isolationist

The U.S. invaded Nicaragua in the 1920s over:

Bananas

In the 1920s, the middle class

Grew in size and buying power

The Harding Presidency

Was quite corrupt

__________________ led to an aviation revival in the U.S. after he flew alone across the Atlantic. 

Charles Lindbergh

The Scopes Monkey trial

Revealed the divide between fundamentalism and modernism in America

The writers known as the Lost Generation

Were jaded with the world after World War 1

In the 1920s, the heart of the American auto industry was:

Near the Great Lakes

Because of Prohibition, _______________ found a market for their illegal whiskey.

Moonshiners

Calvin Coolidge

Believed that government should be "hands-off

One new form of technology that shaped American culture in the 1920s was: 

Broadcast radio

In regards to farming, innovations in the 1920

Made farming less labor-intensive as machinery did more work

Flappers

Were women in the 1920s who wanted to live less domestic lives

During the 1920s, the Dawes Plan: 

Circulated money to Europe and back to the U.S.

The 1929 Black Tuesday crash of the stock market: 

Led to long-term effects that eventually caused the Great Depression

Comitern tried to stave of Germany in the early 1930s with help from the U.S.: 

but was unsuccessful because of the Red Scare in the U.S.

Because of the growth of the ___________________ industry in the 1920s and 1930s, Southern California became the place where such media were produced

movie

The 21st Amendment is unique in that it:

repeals a previous amendment

The lack of regulation of investments in the 1920s:

Led to a significant number of loans to be given out for stock market investments

In response to the Great Depression, we see the United States turn on _________________ and attempt to blame and restrict them to access to the remaining jobs

minorities

At the start of the Great Depression, Hoover's voluntary requests of businesses to not lay people off

were a complete failure

The sit-down strike:

was a new peaceful form of protest that succeeded in getting changes

One reason for the Great Depression was durable goods, so that by 1930:

most Americans possessed these goods and did not need to replace them

Franklin Roosevelt and the Supreme Court's relationship in the early part of the New Deal: 

was contentious as the court kept ruling his plans as unconstitutional

Hoovervilles and the ________________ both were symbolic of the failures of Hoover's policies to combat the Great Depression

The Bonus Army

A principle of Keynesian economics is

federal investments keep the economy moving

The Smoot-Hawley tariffs

decreased international trade

Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal program

did provide some relief in electricity to Tennessee and insurance for banks

The Liberty League, Charles Coughlin, and Huey Long

all opposed Roosevelt's New Deal in one form or another

Because most investing in the 1920s was focused on the stock market:

the lack of diversification caused massive losses in investment

Even before the stock market crash of 1929, some places in America were already suffering economically like the Mississippi Delta because

The 1927 Flood ruined the entire growing season

In addition to the Great Depression and the flood of the Mississippi, farmers in ________________ also suffered hardships due to the Dust Bowl. 

the Great Plains

At the start of the Great Depression, deflation

Meant that producers were making less for the same product

The Great Depression officially came to an end when

World War II started

The Latino population of the United States grew during World War II due to

 

the Bracero Program

Before the United States entered World War II: 

 

It loaned military weaponry to the British

Prior to the Japanese invasion of China, the United States: 

 

sold oil and gas to the Japanese

During World War II, the "Race to Berlin" was important because; 

 

it was a competition to see if the Americans or the Soviets would liberate Germany first

Germany and Italy diplomatically united before World War II: 

 

In united opposition to the Soviet Union

African Americans were empowered during World War II with the _____________ campaign for equality at home and wins against the Nazis and Japanese.

Double V

The Battles of Coral Sea and Midway

began to turn the tide against the Japanese in the Pacific

The first American invasion of Europe during World War II was in: 

Italy

At the end of World War II, Franklin D. Roosevelt: 

died before it ended

The Atlantic Charter prior to World War II: 

 

Provided naval support for shipments across the Atlantic against U-boats

Operation Torch in North Africa: 

 

Was part of British plan to protect Egypt and North Africa

On December 7th 1941: 

 

Japan attacked American bases in Hawaii and the Philippines

The American government response to the Japanese attack on the U.S. was to:

imprison Japanese Americans who lived in the U.S.

The ___________________ was the American program that developed atomic weapons.

Manhattan Project

Nazi concentration camps during the World War II:

Were known by the Americans but ignored because of the larger war effort

The end of World War II: 

starts the Cold War

In World War II, women: 

were in more industrial jobs because men were at war

One of the reasons the U.S. was able to produce so much military material was because: 

 

it had a lot of people available to work

Just before World War II, American international policy was one of: 

Isolationism

Due to the growth of naval production on the Pacific front, the city of ________ grew more than any other American city to produce more goods for the war. 

Los Angeles

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization: 

was a military alliance created to defend Europe

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg:

were convicted of espionage

The main purpose of the Truman Doctrine

 

to contain the spread of communism

One of the largest pieces of legislation from Eisenhower's presidency was _________________ that revolutionized the American landscape and changed transportation in the country.   

 

Federal Highway Act

In 1959, Cuba overthrew its government that was friendly to the United States and: 

replaced it with a Communist-backed dictator named Fidel Castro

Because President Truman attempted to end racial discrimination in federal hiring and the military, some Southern leaders formed the _________________. 

 

Dixiecrat Party

Unlike the League of Nations, the United Nations was a multi-national organization but it also had: 

 

the power of military force

The 1954 Supreme Court decision of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka:  

 

declared segregated schools to be unequal and led to integrated schools

McCarthyism was a new form of ______________________ where politicians sought out Communists who were ruining the United States.

Red scare

The U.S. became involved in the Korean War because: 

North Korea was invading South Korea

In the 1950s and 1960s, Massive Resistance:  

 

was Southern opposition to integration of public facilities

Who started the Montgomery Bus Boycott? 

Rosa Parks

The U.S. and other Western countries responded to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin by: 

airlifting supplies into the isolated city

The American policy in Europe after World War II to prevent countries from falling to Communism was __________________________.

 

The Marshall Plan

The murder of ___________________ is typically regarded as the start of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States. 

 

Emmett Till

President Truman removed ______________________ from military leadership in Korea due to insubordination.

General McArthur

Arkansas Governor Faubus resisted the Supreme Court ruling to integrate public schools in his state:

but federal troops protected nine students who integrated schools in Little Rock

The 1950s change musically with the birth of __________________ a muscial style pioneered by Chuck Berry and Elvis Presley. 

 

Rock-N-Roll

Why was the conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union referred to as "Cold War"? 

 

the two countries never fought each other directly

The rise in births immediately after World War II is referred to as: 

 

The Baby Boom

Who was the violent police chief of Birmingham in 1963 who used dogs and firehoses on Civil Rights protestors? 

Bull Connor

Lyndon Johnson's social program to improve education, healthcare, and housing in the United States was called

 

The Great Society

The 1964 Civil Rights Act- 

 

Gave power to the federal government to enforce integration of public facilities

The Freedom Rides goals were to find sympathetic Southerners and _________. 

 

Integrate interstate commerce systems

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 

 

prohibited segregation of public facilities

The Civil Rights Movement was successful in bringing national attention to Birmingham by televising:  

 

the violence in Birmingham

On Bloody Sunday marchers from Selma, Alabama, crossed the Edmund Pettus Bridge as part of a protest to demand:  

 

voting rights

The 25th Amendment lays out the _______________ in United States government. 

the line of who takes office if the President is unable to do so

The Cuban Missile Crisis began when: 

 

The U.S. discovered that the Soviet Union was installing weapons in Cuba

Prior to the Voting Rights Act of 1965, 

 

most African-Americans in the South had been denied the right to vote

One of John F. Kennedy's campaign promises that came to fruition in 1969 was:

 

The United States placed a man on the moon

After the Tet Offensive, American opposition to the Vietnam War began to grow due to the My Lai Massacre and: 

 

The institution of the draft

The 22nd Amendment restricts the term of one serving as __________________ in the United States government. 

President

The Bay of Pigs Invasion:

 

Was a failed attempt to topple Fidel Castro

Publicity of Freedom Summer in Mississippi grabbed national attention when: 

 

three civil rights workers went missing

The ____________________ gave the president of the U.S. the authority to officially intervene in Vietnam.  

 

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

The U2 Crisis was caused by: 

 

and American spy plan being shot down over the Soviet Union

The Supreme Court through most of the 1960s: 

 

supported individual rights and protected rights to protest and freedom of speech

The resolution of the Cuban Missile Crisis was that: 

 

Soviets agreed not to place nuclear weapons in Cuba

The 23rd Amendment provides representation for who in the United States? 

 

Residents of Washington D.C.