AP Psychology 3.3 Gender and Sexual Orientation

Sex

biological attributes (chromosomes, hormones) that are assigned at birth based on physical characteristics

Gender

social + cultural roles, behaviors, and identities influenced by societal norms and expectations

Gender Typing

taking on a traditional female or male role

Androgyny

when one blends male and female characteristics

Gender Roles

expectations about how individuals should behave based on their gender

Family

socialization agent that is an early reinforcement of gender norms

Peers

socialization agent that is influenced through acceptance or rejection

Media

socialization agent that portrays of gender stereotypes

Education

socialization agent including teachers + curriculum and can reinforce roles

Sexual Orientation

enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, or sexual attraction influenced by biological factors (genetics, prenatal hormones) or social and environmental factors