Additional Limbic Structures: Septal Area/Nuclei and Basal Forebrain Nuclei

anterior commisure, septum pellucidum

the septal nuclei fuse with the cortex anterior to ————— and with a small extension of the ————-

diagonal band of broca, medial olfactory stria, fornix (precommisural fibers), medial forebrain bundle

The septal nuclei has 4 afferent projections

Amygdala via the ————

olfactory tract via the ———-

hippocampus via the ————

and brainstem monoamines (NE, 5HT) via the ————

stria medularis, septohippocampal pathway (uses fornix)

What are the two major efferent tracks of the septal nuclei ———- to the epithalamus (habenula)

———- to the hippocampus

stria medularis, habenular nucleus, interpeduncular nucleus, habenulointerpeduncular tract

The ————— a major efferent track of the septal nuclei extends to the ————- and interconnects it to the —————- of the midbrain reticular formation via the ————-. It is important in the regulation of the sleep wake cycle

septohippocampal pathway, fornix, cholinergic long-term potentiation

The ———— is a major septal nuclei efferent tract and it. travels to the hippocampus via the ———— (precommisural fibers). It contains ———- neurons that produce the theta rhythm important for hippocampal function during ————- in episodic memory

olfactory tract, infundibulum, amygdala

The basal forebrain extends from the bifurcation of the ———— posteriorly to the ———- (wide as the midline to about the ————)

anterior perforated substance

The floor of the basal forebrain is made of ———-

basal nucleus of meynert

There are scattered nuclear groups related to the basal forebrain, the largest is the ——————- which is cholinergic and functions in supporting long term potentiation in memory

awake, cortical areas, excitatory

The basal nuclei like meynert is tonically active when ——— and cholinergically supplies ALL ———- activating them by making their neurons more responsive to other ——— inputs. This supports long term potentiation and synaptic strengthening

difuse, dorsolateral pontine tegmentum, pedunculopontine, interpeduncular nucleus

CHolinergic neurons in the forebrain have ———- cerebral cortex projections

Cholinergic neurons in the brainstem extend through the —————- and are important in sleep and wakefulness

• project to ———— nucleus and ——— nucleus