interpersonal FINAL

What term refers to the degree to which a communication context provides nonverbal information?

Channel-rich context

Which type of communication involves the transmission of messages to large audiences through various media channels? 

Mass Communication 

A set of explicit guidelines governing communication behavior is known as:

explicit rule

What is a channel in communication?

The means through which a message is transmitted

Which of the following is a central element in the transmission model of communication? 

channel

In the context of the five needs served by communication, what does affection refer to?

Expression of emotions, warmth, and support

What term refers to a socially devalued physical or social attribute that may be used to mark someone as different?

stigma

What does the content dimension of a message include?

Tangible information, such as facts and statements

Sarah is engaging in self-reflection and self analysis to understand her thoughts and feelings. Which type of communication is she participating?

Intrapersonal Communication 

The transaction model of communication emphasizes:

Simultaneous sending and receiving of messages

Which of the following is NOT one of the five needs served by communication? 

Dissociation

In which context does communication involve explicit verbal communication and limited cues?

Channel-lean context

Which of the following in NOT one of the six characteristics of communication?

static

The ability to understand a message's content and context is known as:

Communication competence

What term refers to any stimulus that interferes with the process of communication?

noise

Ethics in communication pertains to:

Morally and responsibly communicating with others

A communication dyad refers to:

Communication between two individuals

What is the term for communication between two or more individuals, involving the exchange of thoughts, feelings, and information?

intERpersonal communication

T or F: Gender is solely determined by biological factors and has no connection to communication patterns. 

F

In a high-power-distance culture, what is characteristic?

Acceptance of unequal power distribution

High-context cultures:

Rely heavily on nonverbal cues and context

What does "polychronic" refer to in terms of communication?

Engaging in multiple tasks simultaneously

In individualistic cultures, personal goals and achievements take precedence over group harmony. 

T

In low-context cultures, communication tends to be indirect and reliant on contextual cues. 

False

Gender roles are consistent and unchanging across different cultures. 

F

What is the primary focus of expressive talk?

Building and maintaining relationships

Gender roles are: 

Culturally defined expectations for behavior based on gender. 

In the context of interpersonal communication, culture refers to: 

Shared beliefs, values, and practices of a group.

How is society defined in the context of communication?

A community sharing common symbols and practices

Gender identity and sexual orientation are unrelated to interpersonal communication.

F

Culture has a significant influence on how people perceive and express emotions.

T

Ethnocentrism involves evaluating another culture based on the standards and values of one's own culture. 

T

Cultural relativism suggests that:

Cultural practices can only be understood within their cultural context. 

Cultural norms dictate appropriate behavior in various social situations. 

T

The social penetration theory suggests that as relationships progress, communication moves from superficial to more intimate levels. 

T

The concept of "face" refers to an individual's physical appearance. 

F

Which concept involves the desire to be seen as competent and capable?

Competence face

The "depth" dimension in self-disclosure refers to the breadth of topics disclosed. 

F

Social comparison is the tendency to evaluate ourselves by comparing our abilities, attributes, and accomplishments to those of others. 

T

How is self-concept influenced, according to the information provided?

By personality, cultural roles, reflected appraisal, and social comparison

Self esteem refers to the feeling of self-worth and self-acceptance. 

T

Name one benefit of self-disclosure mentioned in the text.

Enhanced relationships and trust

Reflected appraisal is the process of evaluating oneself based on how others perceive and react to us. 

T

The concept of "facework" refers to the efforts individuals make to maintain and negotiate their social identity and reputation in communication. 

T

Which concept involves the desire to be liked and accepted by others?

fellowship face

The norm of reciprocity suggests that when someone reveals personal information to you, you are expected to reciprocate by sharing your own personal information. 

T

Image management involves the strategic presentation of oneself to others to create a specific impression. 

T

What fundamental needs affect self-esteem?

Control, inclusion, and affection

What does your self-concept consist of?

Perceptions about who you are

The Johari Window is a model that helps individuals understand: 

Their known and unknown selves in relation to others. 

What term refers to the mental picture you have of who you are?

self-concept

Gossip is a form of self-disclosure

T

The need for inclusion is the desire to be seen as competent and capable. 

F

Which is an attribution mistake?

Overattribution

What is the term for our natural inclination to pay more attention to negative information than positive information?

Negativity Bias

Which term refers to the tendency to remember the most recent information we receive about a person?

Recency effect

Which term refers to the tendency to attribute positive actions to our own character but attribute negative actions to external factors?

self serving bias

Which of the following is NOT a key component of effective interpersonal communication?

monologue

When we tend to give more importance to information we receive first, it's known as the:

primacy effect

When we attribute the actions of others to their character and not external factors, we're committing:

fundamental attribution error

What is the term for the process of choosing which sensory information to focus on?

selection

What does it mean to be egocentric in perception?

To lack the ability to adopt others' perspectives

What is the process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting information from our senses?

Perception

The term for our tendency to interpret ambiguous information based on what we already believe is called:

perceptual set

What does the term "self-disclosure" mean in interpersonal communication?

The act of giving others information about oneself that one believes they do not already have.

When we pay the most attention to positive information, we are exhibiting what researchers call a:

positivity bias

How can you improve perceptual abilities?

By being mindful of perceptions 

What is the term for the tendency to attribute a wide range of behaviors to a single characteristic of a person?

overattribution

What term refers to the belief that one is the center of the universe, leading to biased attributions?

egocentric

When we form judgments about others based on limited information, what are we engaging in?

stereotyping

What is the key term for explanations of behavior that vary according to locus, stability, and controllability?

attribution

What is the legal term for making false spoken statements that harm someone's reputation?

defamation

When someone uses language that conveys respect, appreciation, and validation, they are delivering a:

confirming message

What is the term for language that is deliberately offensive, insulting, or abusive, often targeting a particular group or individual?

hate speech

Which term refers to language that can be interpreted in multiple ways, often due to vagueness or ambiguity?

ambigous language

Language that is used to confirm and validate another person's self-worth is associated with:

supportiveness

Which term refers to the perceived believability, trustworthiness, and expertise of a speaker?

credibility

What term relates to the emotional tone and overall atmosphere in a conversation or interaction?

communication climate

Which type of message implies a judgment about the other person, often leading to defensiveness?

you-statement

What term refers to language that is highly emotional and designed to arouse strong reactions?

profanity

Language can be used to persuade others to think or act in a particular way.

T

The Nature of Language_______

Language consists of words representing objects or concepts. 

Which term refers to the characteristic of a speaker that affects their believability?

ethos

The connection between most words and the objects or concepts they symbolize is arbitrary.

T

When language is used to harm someone's reputation through false statements, it is known as:

slander

Which term refers to the literal dictionary definition of a word or phrase?

denotative meaning

What term describes the emotional or cultural associations connected to a word or phrase?

connotative meaning

What is the term for an exaggerated or prejudiced use of language often used to incite hatred or violence?

loaded language

Non-evaluative feedback involves providing judgments and assessments.

F

What do we call nonverbal behaviors that help release physical or emotional tension and stress?

adaptors

Which of the following describes "oculesics" in nonverbal communication?

the study of eye behaviors

 ____________is referred to those and other characteristics of the voice and is also referred to as paralanguage (meaning “beside language”) to indicate that they go along with the words we speak to convey meaning.

voaclics

In nonverbal communication, what does the term "affect display" refer to?

The use of facial expressions to convey emotions

What term refers to nonverbal behaviors that accompany speech and help convey meaning, such as using hand gestures while talking?

Illustrators

Which term refers to the gestures that have specific, often conventionalized meanings recognized by a given cultural group?

Emblems

In nonverbal communication, what does the term "haptics" refer to?

The use of touch as a form of communication

What is the personal space that people generally reserve for close friends, family, or intimate partners called?

Intimate Distance 

 The study of how people perceive and use time is known as:

Chronemics

What term refers to the tendency to attribute positive qualities to physically attractive individuals?

halo effect

Which term refers to the use of physical objects to convey nonverbal messages or to support verbal communication?

Artifacts