Citizenship Test

the name given to cities where different nationalities blended together to make one culture

“melting pot”

Located in New York Harbor. Healthy immigrants from Europe, Africa, or the Caribbean

Ellis Island

Located in San Francisco Bay. Filtered unwanted immigrants from Asia and Pacific Islands

Angel Island

process of assimilating immigrants into becoming American by offering classes such as ESL, adopting American Culture

Americanization

the belif that native-born Americans were superior, fueling resentment

Nativism

A process through which the number of cities and number of people moving into cities within a country increases

Urbanization

Low-cost multifamily housing designed to squeeze in as many families as possible; with few windows and little sanitation, tenements were unhealthy and dangerous.

Tenement

and refers to a period of great industrial growth in the late 19th century, where the surface of prosperity and wealth was used to hide underlying problems

Gilded Age

A cultural trait in which people wanted a bought the many new products on the market

Conspicuous consumerism

A mixture of drama, songs, and off-color comedy shows which toured the major cities of the United States in the Gilded Age

Vaudeville

Worsening Events which took place in the native countries of immigrants which led them to immigrate to the U.S.

push factor

Attractive oppertunites that led people to the United States

pull factor

limits Chinese immigration and laborers

Chinese Exclusion Act

Communities established on the perimeter of industrial cities

Suburbs

Public systems that could carry large numbers of people fairly inexpensively; these include rail lines, trolleys, electric cable cars, subways, and busses

mass transit

From southern and eastern Europe

new immigrant

Primarily from northern and western Europe, majority were Protestants

old immigrant

Inventor of the safety elevator in the 1850s, making the use of skyscrapers for office use more practical

Elisha Otis

drew attention to the plight of New York tenement dwellers and to spark reform of city housing and sanitation, first person to take pictures in the dark using explosive powder

Jacob Riis

a Scottish immigrant who was the first person to mass produce steel

Andrew Carnegie

Detective and Bureau Chief created Rogues' Gallery to identify criminals using mug shots to create the country's first crime register

Thomas Burns

American sanitary engineer and civic reformer. He was an early American designer and advocate of sewer systems

George E. Waring Jr

Landscape engineer who pioneered the idea of establishing city parks in urban centers; Olmstead designed New York's Central Park, Philadelphia's Fairmount Park, and several others across the country.

Frederick Law Olmstead

(Samuel Clemens), a 19th century American author, wrote classics such as Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer. Credited with labeling the era following the American Civil War as “The Gilded Age”

Mark Twain

immigrant who started The World & Evening World, a successful newspaper in New York City

Joseph Pulitzer

Founder of The Morning Journal, used sensationalism to stir up controversy

William Randolph Hearst

Late 19th century American author who wrote about characters who succeeded by hard work. (Rags to Riches stories)

Horatio Alger

argued that students learn by doing activities that teach them to answer their own questions, rather than by memorizing from books and lectures.

John Dewey

European immigrants and Mohawk Indians that worked on building skyscrapers were called

Roughnecks

worked at Menlo Park and invented the electric light bulb, helping to illuminate cities after dark

Thomas Edison

America's best known amusement park, Coney Island, was created by

LaMarcus Thompson

What is the supreme law of the land?

Constitution

What does the Constitution do?

sets up the government,

defines the government,

protects basic rights of Americans

The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words?

We the People

What is an amendment?

a change (to the Constitution)

an addition (to the Constitution)

What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?

the Bill of Rights

What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment?

speech, religion, assembly, press, petition the government

How many amendments does the Constitution have?

27

What did the Declaration of Independence do?

announced our independence (from Great Britain)

declared our independence (from Great Britain)

said that the United States is free (from Great Britain)

What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence?

life, liberty, pursuit of happiness

What is freedom of religion?

You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion.

What is the economic system in the United States?

capitalist economy,

market economy

What is the "rule of law"?

everyone must follow the law, leaders must obey the law, government much obey the law, no one is above the law

Name one branch or part of the government.

Congress

legislative

President

executive

the courts

judicial

What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful?

checks and balances or separation of powers

Who is in charge of the executive branch?

president

Who makes federal laws?

Congress

Senate and House (of Representatives)

(U.S. or national) legislature

What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

Senate and House of Representatives

How many U.S. Senators are there?

100

We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years?

6

Who is one of your state's U.S. Senators now?

Cory Booker, Andy Kim

The House of Representatives has how many voting members?

435

We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years?

2

Name your U.S. Representative.

Donald Norcross

Who does a U.S. Senator represent?

all people of the state

Why do some states have more Representatives than other states?

(because of) the state's population

(because) they have more people

(because) some states have more people

We elect a President for how many years?

4

In what month do we vote for President?

November

What is the name of the President of the United States now?

Trump

What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?

JD Vance

If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President?

vice president

If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President?

the speaker of the house

Who is the Commander in Chief of the military?

the President

Who signs bills to become laws?

the President

Who vetoes bills?

the President

What does the President's Cabinet do?

advises the President

What are two Cabinet-level positions?

▪ Secretary of Agriculture

▪ Secretary of Commerce

▪ Secretary of Defense

▪ Secretary of Education

▪ Secretary of Energy

▪ Secretary of Health and Human Services

▪ Secretary of Homeland Security

▪ Secretary of Housing and Urban Development

▪ Secretary of the Interior

▪ Secretary of Labor

▪ Secretary of State

▪ Secretary of Transportation

▪ Secretary of the Treasury

▪ Secretary of Veterans Affairs

▪ Attorney General

▪ Vice President

What does the judicial branch do?

▪ reviews laws

▪ explains laws

▪ resolves disputes (disagreements)

▪ decides if a law goes against the Constitution

What is the highest court in the United States?

the Supreme Court

How many justices are on the Supreme Court?

9

Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now?

John Roberts

Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal

government?

▪ to print money

▪ to declare war

▪ to create an army

▪ to make treaties

Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states?

▪ provide schooling and education

▪ provide protection (police)

▪ provide safety (fire departments)

▪ give a driver's license

▪ approve zoning and land use

Who is the Governor of your state now?

Phil Murphy

What is the capital of your state?

Trenton

What are the two major political parties in the United States?

Democratic and Republican

What is the political party of the President now?

Republican

What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now?

Mike Johnson

There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them.

▪ Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote).

▪ You don't have to pay (a poll tax) to vote.

▪ Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.)

▪ A male citizen of any race (can vote).

What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens?

▪serve on a jury

▪ vote in a federal election

Name one right only for United States citizens.

▪ vote in a federal election

▪ run for federal office

What are two rights of everyone living in the United States?

▪ freedom of expression

▪ freedom of speech

▪ freedom of assembly

▪ freedom to petition the government

▪ freedom of religion

▪ the right to bear arms

What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance?

the United States/The flag

What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen?

▪ give up loyalty to other countries

▪ defend the Constitution and laws of the United States

▪ obey the laws of the United States

▪ serve in the U.S. military (if needed)

▪ serve (do important work for) the nation (if needed)

▪ be loyal to the United States

How old do citizens have to be to vote for President?

18

What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy?

▪ vote

▪ join a political party

▪ help with a campaign

▪ join a civic group

▪ join a community group

▪ give an elected official your opinion on an issue

▪ call Senators and Representatives

▪ publicly support or oppose an issue or policy

▪ run for office

▪ write to a newspaper

When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms?

April 15

When must all men register for the Selective Service?

▪ at age eighteen (18)

▪ between eighteen (18) and twenty-six (26)

What is one reason colonists came to America?

▪ freedom

▪ political liberty

▪ religious freedom

▪ economic opportunity

▪ practice their religion

▪ escape persecution

Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived?

▪ American Indians

▪ Native Americans

What group of people was taken to America and sold as slaves?

▪ Africans

▪ people from Africa

Why did the colonists fight the British?

▪ because of high taxes (taxation without representation)

▪ because the British army stayed in their houses (boarding, quartering)

▪ because they didn't have self-government

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

Thomas Jefferson

When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?

July 4, 1776

There were 13 original states. Name three.

▪ New Hampshire

▪ Massachusetts

▪ Rhode Island

▪ Connecticut

▪ New York

▪ New Jersey

▪ Pennsylvania

▪ Delaware

▪ Maryland

▪ Virginia

▪ North Carolina

▪ South Carolina

▪ Georgia

What happened at the Constitutional Convention?

▪ The Constitution was written.

▪ The Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution.

When was the Constitution written?

1787

The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers.

▪ (James) Madison

▪ (Alexander) Hamilton

▪ (John) Jay

▪ Publius

What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is famous for?

▪ U.S. diplomat

▪ oldest member of the Constitutional Convention

▪ first Postmaster General of the United States

▪ writer of "Poor Richard's Almanac"

▪ started the first free libraries

Who is the "Father of Our Country"?

(George) Washington