01 Five Essential Parts of a Computer

Central Processor Unit

controls all the computer's activities.

Central Processor Unit

Portion of the computer that carries out a computer program's instructions.

Central Processor Unit

The primary element of carrying out a computer's functions.

Microprocessor

a single computer chip where the CPU resides found in modern computers

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and Control Unit

the two subsections of the CPU section

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

The part of the central processing unit that performs arithmetic computations and logical operations.

Control Unit

Directs and coordinates most of the operations of the Arithmetic Logic Unit

Memory/Main Memory/Primary Storage

storage place for the data that is directly accessed by the CPU.

Memory/Main Memory/Primary Storage

typically consists of a set of single in-line memory modules mounted on the computer's motherboard

Random Access Memory (RAM)

stores information temporarily.

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Part of the Memory in the CPU that is in the form of a chip

64 RAM

Minimum requirements of RAM in a modern computer

Read-Only Memory (ROM)

data has been prerecorded

Read-Only Memory (ROM)

When data is written onto this chip, it cannot be removed and can only be read

Read-Only Memory (ROM)

Permanent storage; instructions are burned onto chips by the manufacturer.

Storage (Hard Disk)

rigid circular disk inside a computer hard disk drive.

Storage (Hard Disk)

Computer's primary storage media device.

Hard DIsk

abbreviation to hard disk drive.

Input Devices

enables users to enter commands and data into computers more efficiently than is possible with a keyboard.

Keyboard

The primary input device

Scanners

allows transferring of pictures to a computer.

Scanners

Scans images which you can then send to someone, modify, or print.

Output Devices

any hardware equipment that communicates results of data processing to the outside world.

Monitor

primary output device.

Monitor

Used to display information on the screen

Outputting Information

all the activities that are seen on the computer screen

LCD Screens

what most computers use today;

LCD Screens

Lightweight and uses less power than monitors

Printer

takes information from computers and transfers it to paper

Dot Matrix, Inkjet, and Laser

The three basic types of a printer

Speaker

disables the lower fidelity built-in speaker

Speaker

Often has a low-power internal amplifier

System Board

the center of the system

System Board

defines a computer’s computing power and speedM

Motherboards/Planar Boards

Two other terms used to refer to a System Board

Optical Character Recognition

Software used in tandem with a scanner to convert printed documents into text you can use in the word processor

Case/Casing

covers the whole computer’s circuitry.

Desktop and Tower Casing

The two types of casings

Desktop, Mini, Midi and Tower

The four different sizes that cases come in