LESSON 7 l TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN ANIMALS

cardiovascular system

• made up of heart, blood, blood vessels

• where the blood recycled continually

• associated with respiratory system

open and close

• 2 types of circulatory system

open system

• primarily found in invertebrates

• blood flow freely through cavities known as hemocoel

• e.g: insects, arthropods, mollusk

• hemolymph is pumped by the heart into an open cavity

close system

• found in vertebrates and few invertebrates like earthworms

• blood passes within blood vessels that transport blood away from and back to the heart

single and double

• 2 types of circulation

erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes

• 3 types of blood cells

artery, capillaries, veins

• 3 types of blood vessels

artery

• blood flow is from heart to cells

veins

• from cells to heart

heart

• muscular organ that plays crucial role in circulatory system

• responsible for pumping blood throughout the body

pericardium

• also known as epicardium

• outer layer

• contains pericardial/serous fluid

myocardium

• thickest bundles of cardiac muscle

• makes up the bulk of heart

• responsible for pumping action or the layer that contracts

endocardium

• smooth INNER lining

• continuous with the large vessles to which heart connects

av valve

• valve that controls the blood flow

tricuspid valve

• located between right atrium and right ventricle

• prevents the backflow of blood from vebtricle to atrium

mitral valve

• between left atrium and left ventricle

• also prevents backflow

pulmonary valve

• prevents blood from flowing back into the ventricle after it has been pumped to the lungs

aortic valve

• prevents blood from flowing back into the ventricle after it has been pumped to the body

ventricles

• discharging chamber and thick walled

• right - pumps deoxygenated blood through pulmonary artery

• left - oxygenated blood through the aorta

chordae tendineae

• the anchor that flaps to the walls of the ventricles

• the anchor that holds the valve

papillary muscle

• located in the ventricle of the heart

• attaches to the cusps of the AV valves via the chordae tendineae

vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta

• traces of blood flow

pulmonary circulation

• moves blood between the heart and lungs

• transport deoxygenated blood to the lungs to absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide

systematic circulation

• moves blood between heart and the rest of the body