2.2 Biological molecules

2.2.11 Inorganic Ions

What is a cofactor?

a non

why are inorganic ions essential in animals and plants?

for vital cellular activity

What is a cation?

A positively charged ion

what is a anion?

A negatively charged ion

what cations do we need to know?

calcium ions, sodium ions, potassium ions, hydrogen ions and ammonium ions

what is the role of calcium ions? 3

cofactor in blood clotting

involved in nerve transmission across the synapse and in muscle contraction

what is the role of sodium ions? 3

nerve transmission

water reabsorption in loop of Henle and collecting duct

what is the role of potassium ions? 4

nerve transmission

water reabsorption in loop of Henle and collecting duct

plant guard cells as part of the stomatal opening mechanism

what is the role of hydrogen ions? 3

ATP formation

control of blood pH and in CO2 transport

what is the role of ammonium ions? 1

what is the role of nitrate ions?

what is the role of hydrogen carbonate?

what is the role of phosphate ions?

forms calcium phosphate

constituent of ATP and nucleic acids

what is the role of chloride ions?

what is the role of hydroxide ions?

what does the deficiency of cobalt cause?

aneamia

what does the deficiency of copper in plants cause?

young shoots to die back