chapter 7 pt 2
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Last updated 8:33 PM on 4/22/25
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12 Terms
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DNA ligase
An enzyme that repairs irregularities or breaks in the backbone of double-stranded DNA molecules.
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Okazaki fragments
Short DNA fragments formed during the replication of double-stranded DNA that are synthesized in a fragmented manner.
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Leading strand
The strand of DNA that is synthesized continuously in the 5' to 3' direction during DNA replication.
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Lagging strand
The strand of DNA that is synthesized in short, discontinuous segments (Okazaki fragments) in the 5' to 3' direction.
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Codon
A triple sequence of DNA or RNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.
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Anticodon
A sequence of three bases on tRNA that pairs with a corresponding codon on mRNA during protein synthesis.
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Lac operon
A system of DNA that contains sequences of genes that regulate the synthesis of enzymes for protein synthesis.
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Promoter region
A site that promotes and controls the transcription of structural genes or mRNA.
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Operator region
A region that contains a switch to decide whether transcription should take place or not.
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Inducer
A substance that suppresses the binding of the repressor protein to the operator, activating the operon.
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Positive control of Lac operon
A mechanism where the presence of lactose allows RNA polymerase to transcribe mRNA by inhibiting the repressor.
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Negative control of Lac operon
A mechanism that inhibits mRNA transcription when the repressor binds to the operator in the absence of lactose.
Flashcards (42)