US History Module 9 & 10 Test

Democratic Party

Many African Americans shifted their loyalty from the Republic Party to the _______________ Party.

bank holiday

FDR declared a ______________ early in his first term to develop a plan to protect American's savings.

National Labor Relations Act

A 1935 law, also known as the Wagner Act, that guarantees workers the right of collective bargaining sets down rules to protect unions and organizers, and created the National Labor Relations Board to regulate labor-managment relations.

the Great Depression

The continuation of ____________ allowed FDR to have an easy victory over Herbert Hoover in the 1932 presidential election.

deficit spending

Government practice of spending more than it takes in from taxes to create jobs for unemployed workers

Agricultural Adjustment Act

Gave farmers money to reduce crop size to reduce production and raise prices of farm products

Soil Conservation Service

Conducted research into controlling wind and water erosion, set up demonstration project and technical assistance to farmers after the devastating effects of the Dust Bowl

Social Security Act

(FDR) 1935, guaranteed retirement payments for enrolled workers beginning at age 65; set up federal-state system of unemployment insurance and care for dependent mothers and children, the handicapped, and public health

The Salvation Army

a charitable and religious organization to evangelize and to care for the poor and homeless that was helpful during the Great Depression

Smoot-Hawley Tariff

A high tariff enacted in 1930 during the Great Depression. By taxing imported goods, Congress hoped to stimulate American manufacturing, but the tariff triggered retaliatory tariffs in other countries, which further hindered global trade and led to greater economic contraction.

Living Document

The Constitution of the United States is referred to as this because the architects of the document intended for it to be adapted by future generations. It is adaptable - amendments could be ratified, or added to it.

Wagner Act

1935, also National Labor Relations Act; granted rights to unions; allowed collective bargaining

push factor

Poor environmental conditions caused by the Dust Bowl would be considered a _______________.

too much

Critics of the New Deal felt that its programs had _________________ government involvement in the economy.

debt was incurred

_____________________ by the government as a result of easing economic problems.

WWII

United States involvement in __________ rapidly increased economic growth.

FDR

Voters felt confident that __________ would end the Great Depression.

Frances Perkins

U.S. Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945, and the first woman ever appointed to the cabinet.

Mary McLeod Bethune

Served as an advisor to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. She was a leader in the struggle for women's and black equality. She founded a school for black students that eventually became Bethune-Cookman University

Separation of Powers

Expanding the Supreme Court by FDR was viewed as a threat to the principle of ______________________.

FDR's Hundred Days

FDR's first 3 months in office when 15 new laws designed to end the Great Depression were passed.

Black Tuesday (October 29, 1929)

On this day the stock market boom had fell out, as millions of panicky investors ordered their brokers to sell, when there were practically no buyers to be found. After that stock prices continued to go down until they finally hit bottom.

Bonus Army

WWI veterans who marched on Washington demanding their $1,000 bonus pay before the 1945 due date.

TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority)

gave jobs rebuilding the Tennessee Valley; brought flood relief and hydroelectric power to the area

Herbert Hoover

Became president in March 1929; attempted to first deal with the Depression by trying to restore public faith in the community by relying on private enterprise and individual efforts

unconstitutional

FDR was determined to sway the Supreme Court when they declared many of his New Deal programs were _______________.

Glass-Steagall Act

established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and included banking reforms, some of which were designed to control speculation

FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)

an agency developed by the federal government to regulate banking and and investment activities

Huey Long

As senator in 1932 of Washington preached his "Share Our Wealth" programs. It was a 100% tax on all annual incomes over $1 million and appropriation of all fortunes in excess of $5 million. With this money Long proposed to give every American family a comfortable income, etc

Dust Bowl

A nickname for the Great Plains regions hit by drought and dust storms that occurred in at the same time as the Great Depression in the 1930s