US Consitution Articles + Amendments

original quizlet by Adam Grissom: https://quizlet.com/946741269/us-constitution-articles-and-amendments-flash-cards/

Preamble

The mission statement of the nation ("we the people")

Article 1

Outlines power, limits, qualifications and composition of the Legislative Branch. (Longest section.)

Article 2

Outlines powers, limits, qualifications and composition of the Executive Branch.

Article 3

Outlines powers, limits, qualifications and composition of the Judicial Branch.

Article 4

Defines relationships among the states. Full faith and credit, admitting new states, national government will protect states.

Article 5

Outlines amendment process. 2/3 of both houses of Congress must propose and 3/4 of the states must approve -or- 2/3 of states can propose (only done with 21st Amendment).

Article 6

The Constitution is the supreme law of the land. All debts gained under the Articles of Confederation will be transferred to the new government.

Article 7

Once 9/13 of states have approved Constitution, it will become the government.
Ratification clause

Amendment 1

Religion (Establishment clause)
Assembly (Freedom of Assembly)
Press
Petition
Speech (written, verbal, expression)

Amendment 2

Right to bear arms and maintain a militia

Amendment 3

No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house, without consent of owner, nor in time of war without prescription of law

Amendment 4

Protects against unreasonable search and seizure unless a warrant is issued based on probable cause listing place to be searched and person or object to be seized.

Amendment 5

The Accused have a right to... Grand jury for indictment Eminent Domain Due Process Double Jeopardy protection Silence

Amendment 6

The Accused has a right to...
Witness (to call, question, and cross examine)
Informed of their crime
Lawyer
Speedy and public trial

Amendment 7

In civil cases where the value of controversy is over $20.00, the right to a jury trial shall be provided but not required

Amendment 8

Forbids excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment

Amendment 9

The government cannot say the only rights given to the people are listed here. There are others. (Ex. privacy)

Amendment 10

Powers not given to the federal government, or denied to the States, are reserved for the states. (schools, polls, NCDOT...)

Amendment 11(1795)

Limits the jurisdiction of federal courts in relation to suits against other states.

Amendment 12 (1804)

Following election of 1800. Electoral votes are to be cast separately for President and Vice President.

Amendment 13 (1865)

Outlaws slavery/involuntary servitude in any state of US jurisdiction. Laws can be passed to enforce this.

Civil War Amendment

Amendment 14 (1868)

All natural born and naturalized citizens are citizens. No law can be passed to deny or abridge this. States would be denied representatives if did so (never enforced).

Civil War Amendment

Amendment 15 (1870)

All citizens may not be denied the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

Civil War Amendment

Amendment 16 (1913)

Established an income tax. The Populist Party moved for an income tax to assist with public expenditures.

Amendment 17 (1913)

Enables voters to elect senators directly. Before it was done by state legislatures and often based on bribes and favors.

Amendment 18 (1919)

Pressured by Temperance Movement. Prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcohol.

only one ever repealed

Amendment 19 (1920)

Women's suffrage (women can vote)

Amendment 20 (1933)

President and Vice President will take office on January 20 at noon following the November election. Congress takes office on January 3.

An attempt to limit the "lame duck" time

Amendment 21 (1933)

Repealed prohibition and the 18th Amendment

Only amendment to be proposed by 2/3 of the states.

Amendment 22 (1951)

Limits president to two terms. Largely passed because of FDRs four terms

Amendment 23 (1961)

Gives residents of Washington, D. C, ability to vote for president and vice president. Has 3 electoral votes.

Voting Amendment

Amendment 24 (1964)

Abolished poll taxes. In response to South's requirements to pay tax to vote.

Amendment 25 (1967)

Outlines what would occur if the president is temporarily unable to complete his duties (sick...). A letter informs House and Senate when unable and when able again. Vice President fills in. If Vice President leaves office, the President appoints and Congress approves.

Amendment 26 (1971)

Lowers the voting age to 18. States set age limits before. In light of Vietnam, age was lowered.

Voting Amendment

Amendment 27 (1992)

First proposed in 1789 by James Madison. pay raises for Congress do not take effect until the next term. Therefore the ones who vote in it may not get it unless reelected.