lesson 4.2 - network hardware

intro to it

what is a network?

a collection of devices communicating with each other

what is the lowest level of components in a network?

transmission media

what is a transmission medium?

a component that carries data from one network to another

what are the two types of transmission media?

wired and wireless

how does data travel through a network?

communication channels that connect the network components

what do wired and wireless networks require to transfer data?

network media

what are twisted pair cables, coaxial cables, and optical fibers an example of?

types of wired transmission media

what network media are used in wireless networks?

Radio waves, infrared waves, microwaves

whats the most common type of transmission media?

twisted pair cables.

what are the two most common types of twisted pair cables?

Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) and Shielded Twisted Pair (STP).

what type of twisted pair cables consists of two separately insulated copper wires wound around each other?

STP cables

which of the two twisted pair cables is more expensive?

stp

what does the insulating sheath on STP cables protect against?

nearby unshielded cables and electromagnetic interference from florescent lights

what is the max segment length of twisted pair cables bandwith?

100 meters (328 ft)

what is the network bandwidth measured in?

megabits/sec (Mbps) and gigabits/sec (Gbps)

what are coaxial cables also known as?

coax

when were coaxial cables first used?

1940s

what are coaxial cables used for?

baseband and broadband data communication services

how much bigger is the bandwidth of coaxial cables than twisted wires?

80x

what devices use coaxial cables?

cable mediums and tv

what is a baseband?

a signal at a very narrow frequency where data/info is placed on and then transmitted

what is an example of a baseband ?

ethernet LANs and serial cables

what is considered a high capacity transmission technology

broadband

what does broadband do?

transmit data, voice, and video across long distances at high speeds

whats an example of broadband

coaxial cables, fiber optic cables, radio waves

what concept does fiber optic cables work off of?

reflection of light thru a core made of glass or plastic

what is the core that light reflects through in a fiber optic cable?

a less dense glass/plastic covering called cladding

what is cladding?

a less dense glass/plastic covering in a fiber optic cable

are fiber optic cables able to transmit a lot or a little volume of data?

a lot

how much can a fiber optic cables bandwidth provide

26000x the bandwidth of twisted pair wires

what can be used to transmit data within a network w/ use of wifi/bluetooth

electromagnetic waves (infrared/radio)

what carries out radio signals far distances to other networked devices?

electromagnetic waves (infrared/radio)

are wifi adapters installed on devices?

yes

what protocol do these wireless transmissions use?

each is different

what do protocols for wireless transmissions do ?

identify how to connect/transmit or receive data

what allows wireless transmissions to travel small and large distances

using different frequencies

wireless media can do what

exchange data

how far can bluetooth and wifi connect

bluetooth >30ft ; wifi > or = 300ft

how do printers reside on networks

through router or switch via ethernet or wifi

how do laptops connect to network?

wifi or ethernet

LANs can be connected to create a larger network and sometimes become ____s?

WAN

how do repeaters extend the range of cabling types so connections can be made?

by increasing the strength of network signals

what are bridges used to connect ?

different types of networks

what do bridges provide?

management of messages

whats an example of something bridges can connect?

a twisted pair and coaxial network

what does the bridge analyze

the network message

when will bridges bridge a network

only if a message is adressed to a device on the other side

what type of networks are switches used on?

LAN

why are switches used on LANs

to reduce network traffic by management of network messages

what device makes internet possible

routers

what acts as a gateway to the internet

a router connected to a LAN (aka gateway)

how do routers manage network traffic

by having a routing table of known devices

what will the router do if a destination address is unknown

it will forward the message to another router

max bandwidth of CAT 1

1 Mbps

max bandwidth of CAT 2

4Mbps

max bandwidth of CAT 3

10 Mbps

max bandwidth of CAT 4

16 Mbps

max bandwidth of CAT 5

100Mbps

max bandwidth of CAT 5e

1Gbps

max bandwidth of CAT 6

10Gbps

max bandwidth of CAT 7

10 Gbps

coaxial cables cables can broadcast in what mode

baseband mode and broadband mode