Untitled Flashcards Set

Epidemic

An outbreak of a disease that affects one or more populations at a more rapid rate in a smaller geographic area

Patient Zero

The first documented individual infected in a disease outbreak.

Infection

When a disease-causing organism invades a host and multiplies.

Disease

A condition caused by pathogens disrupting normal bodily functions.

Pathogen

Organisms like viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites that cause disease.

Parasites

Eukaryotic organisms that live off a host, often causing harm.

Parasite Infection

Infection from contaminated food, water, or insect bites leading to harm to the host.

Parasite Diagnosis

Identifying parasitic infections through blood or fecal sample examination.

Parasite Treatment

Management of infections using deworming medications.

Parasite Prevention

Avoiding contaminated food, water, and insect bites.

Protist/Protozoa

Microscopic, single-celled eukaryotes that can cause diseases.

Protist Infection

Infection from contaminated food or water affecting various body systems.

Protist Diagnosis

Identifying protozoan infections via stool sample examination.

Protist Treatment

Medications like metronidazole targeting protozoan infections.

Protist Prevention

Maintaining hygiene to reduce infection risk.

Fungi

Eukaryotic organisms, including yeasts and molds, that can be pathogenic.

Fungi Infection

Infection caused by inhaling or contacting fungal spores.

Epidemiologists

Professionals knowledgeable in clinical medicine, pathology, biostatistics, and social science.

Fungi Diagnosis

Examining tissue or blood for the presence of fungi.

Fungi Treatment

Use of antifungal medications for treatment.

Fungi Prevention

Preventing contact with infected hosts.

Bacteria

Microscopic, unicellular prokaryotic organisms.

Bacteria How they infect

Infect through openings, ingestion, inhalation, or flora imbalance.

Bacteria Diagnosis

Culturing samples of blood, stool, urine, or other bodily fluids.

Bacteria Treatment

Using antibiotics to treat infections.

Bacteria Prevention

Vaccination, sanitation, and hygiene practices.

Virus

Non-living particles made of a protein shell and genetic material.

Virus How they infect

Spread through contact and require host cells to replicate.

Virus Diagnosis

Diagnosis through antigen tests and PCR tests.

Virus Prevention

Vaccination and maintaining hygiene.

Prions

Infectious proteins that cause abnormal protein folding.

Prions How they infect

Ingesting infected meat or receiving contaminated tissue.

Prions Diagnosis

Diagnosis via MRI, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, EEG, and blood tests.

Prions Prevention

Cleaning medical equipment and avoiding contaminated beef.