Genes, Alleles, Chromosomes & Genomes
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8 Terms
What is a gene?
a section of DNA that carries the code to make a protein
What is an allele?
different versions of the same gene determined by small differences in the order of base pairs
What is a Chromosome?
the structure made of protein and nucleic acids that carries genetic information
What is a Genome?
the complete set of genetic instructions, DNA, organised into 23 chromosomes
What is an Autosome?
any chromosome, 1-22, that is not a sex chromosome
What is a sex chromosome?
a chromosome responsible for the gender of an organism, X or Y
What is a homologous Chromosome?
a pair of chromosomes of similar length, gene position and centromere location. One pair is from mother and the other is from father
Why do chromosomes vary in size?
depending on the number of nucleotides they contain
Note 
Flashcards (47)