Genes, Alleles, Chromosomes & Genomes

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8 Terms

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What is a gene?

a gene is a section of DNA that carries the code to make a protein

2
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What is an allele?

different versions of the same gene determined by small differences in the DNA sequence of the gene

3
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What is a Chromosome?

the structure made of protein and nucleic acods that carries genetic information

4
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What is a Genome?

the complete set of DNA contained within the haploid of an organisms chromosome

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What is an Autosome?

any chromosome, 1-22, that is not a sex chromosome

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What is a sex chromosome?

a chromosome responsible for determining the gender of an organism, X or Y

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What is a homologous Chromosome?

a pair or chromosomes of similar length, gene position and centromere location. One pair is from mother and the other is from father

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Why do chromosomes vary in size?

depending on the number of nucleotides they contain