EXAM 2 HLD

What two things do the younger siblings teach the older siblings?

-Responsibility and consequence

-Cooking and cleaning

-Compassion and empathy

-Reliability and communication

Compassion and empathy

Which personality trait is associated with the middle child?

-Attention seeker

-Approval seeking

-Cautious

-Manipulative

Approval seeking

What is a "tiger" parent?

A kind helpful parent.

An aggressive parent who will do everything for their child.

A fierce parent who values academic achievement above child's wellbeing.

A parent who doesn't care what their child does.

A fierce parent who values academic achievement above child's wellbeing.

What is a characteristic of "excessively protective" parenting?

Friendships are managed and selected by parents.

Parents are firm but supportive with elevated expectations for their child.

Parents are not concerned with rules and are more flexible.

Parents are completely uninvolved with their child's life.

Friendships are managed and selected by parents.

When trauma is prolonged, inflicted intentionally, or was part of an interpersonal encounter, the risk of emotional and health problems are significantly decreased.

T or F

False

Given that half of Americans have suffered at least one adverse or traumatic childhood experience, mental health professionals help people recover by doing all of the following EXCEPT __________.

addressing ongoing disruptive symptoms

helping those who experience trauma to think of themselves as heroes/heroines of the incident instead of victims

creating and maintaining a safe, secure, stable supportive "holding environment"

instructing you to get over it, it happened a long time ago

instructing you to get over it, it happened a long time ago

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of humans' key evolutionary adaptations for movement?

Strong arm muscles for climbing

Efficient sweating for temperature regulation

Persistence hunting capabilities

Arched feet for shock absorption

Strong arm muscles for climbing

Which of the following statements BEST describes the benefits of regular physical activity during childhood?

Physical activity only benefits children who are naturally athletic and does not affect others.

Exercise is important for physical health but does not influence academic performance.

Regular physical activity promotes motor skills, improves cognitive function, and social skills.

Exercise enhances physical strength but has little to no impact on cognitive skills.

Regular physical activity promotes motor skills, improves cognitive function, and social skills.

A 5-year-old child in a low height percentile will be in a low
height percentile as an 18-year-old.
A. True
B. False

B. false

The brain grows more rapidly during early childhood than
during infancy.
A. True
B. False

B. false

The childhood obesity rate of the United States is ______.
A. among the lowest in the world
B. among the highest in the world

B. among the highest in the world

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY:
Which of the following strategies can help prevent childhood
obesity?
A. Eating at least five servings of fruits and vegetables each day
B. Getting at least two hours of screen time each day
C. Doing at least 60 minutes of physical activity each day
D. Drinking a few sugar-sweetened beverages each day

A, C

What is the MOST common cause of accidental death during
early childhood?

drowning

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY:
Your child is likely in the preoperational stage if they ________.
A. engage in centration
B. engage in animism
C. are egocentric
D. do not understand conservation

A,B,C,D

During early childhood, children are very susceptible to
——— which can lead to biased, sometimes false,
memories.

suggestibility

Many children have memories from early childhood. Their
memories are better when the event was not unique and
significant.
A. True
B. False

b. false

______ focuses on the sound systems of languages, while ______
focuses how words are formed.
A. Phonology; syntax
B. Morphology; phonology
C. Morphology; syntax
D. Phonology; morphology

D. Phonology; morphology

A child who uses the right language depending on the
context (e.g., with friends vs. adults) is _______.
A. using syntax
B. using semantics
C. using pragmatics
D. using morphology

c. using pragmatics

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY:
“Self” and “other-conscious” emotions that emerge during
early childhood include ________.
A. Pride
B. Anger
C. Sadness
D. Guilt

A, D

Children with emotion-dismissing parents are usually better
at regulating their emotions.
A. True
B. False

b. false

People that experience guilt and empathy for others often
engage in more prosocial behavior.
A. True
B. False

a. true

James believes that it is NEVER morally acceptable for a
person to commit theft. James is using _______ to form this
opinion.
A. Heteronomous morality
B. Autonomous morality

A. heteronomous morality

Scientifically speaking, “sex” and “gender” are the SAME
thing.
A. True
B. False

b. false

There are often LARGE differences between siblings
depending on their birth order.
A. True
B. False

b. false

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY:
Which characteristics of a divorced parental relationship
make divorce outcomes less negative for their children?
A. Agreeing on child-rearing
B. Maintaining a cordial relationship
C. Sustained conflict
D. Co-parenting

A,B, D

During middle to late childhood, total brain volume ______.

A. decreases

B. remains stable

C. increases

D. fluctuates

b. remains stable

what is the minimum recommended amount of daily physical activity for children?

A. 30 min

B. 1 hour

C. 2 hours

D. 4 hours

b. 1 hour

what does dysgraphia refer to?

A. Difficulty with handwriting

B. Difficulty with reading

C. Difficulty with spelling

D. Difficulty with arithmetic

a. Difficulty with handwriting

what is working memory?

A. A mental workbench for decision-making

B. Memory for how things work

C. Memories about working a job

D. Memories that you must work hard to remember

A. A mental workbench for decision-making

twin studies suggest that genetics has _______

A. A relatively large effect on IQ scores

B. No effect on IQ scores

C. A relatively small effect on IQ scores

D. A stronger effect in some areas of IQ than others

C. A relatively small effect on IQ scores

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY:

Which of these outcomes have been associated with having LOW self-esteem?

A. Weight loss and improved physical health

B. Increased academic performance

C. Overweight and obesity

D. Anxiety, depression, suicide, drug use, and delinquency

C, D

Which sex tends to have higher general intelligence?

A. Males

B. Females

C. Neither

c. neither

Which gland instructs the release of hormones related to
sleep, mood, sex drive, and growth?
A. The hypothalamus
B. The pituitary gland
C. The gonads
D. The endocrine glands

b. pituitary gland

Human males typically begin puberty at an EARLIER age than females.

A. True

B. False

b. false

Teen pregnancy rates in other developed countries are lower
than in the U.S. because teens in other countries are less
sexually active.
A. True
B. False

b. false

We begin losing brain tissue early in the third decade of life,
or during our _______.
A. teens
B. 20’s
C. 30’s
D. 40’s

b. 20’s

_________ of Americans report having had sexual intercourse
by the beginning of early adulthood (18 years of age).
A. More than 50%
B. Less than 50%

a. more than 50%

Research suggests you can change the sexuality on
individuals (e.g., homosexuality, bisexuality, heterosexuality).
A. True
B. False

b. false