common medical conditions of the musculoskeletal system

portage learning medical terminology section 3.6

arthritis

inflamation of a noint

rheumatoid arthritis

destruction of the joint caused by the person’s own immune system

osteoarthritis

inflammation of a joint that results from general use of the joint as the body ages

bursitis

inflammation of a bursa

tendinitis

inflammation of a tendon

fasciitis

infammation of the fascia

myositis

inflammation of the muscle

carpal tunnel syndrome

syndrome of pain, soreness, tenderness, weakness, numbness, and tingling of the hand and wrist (due to compression of the medial nerve where it goes underneath a ligament that connects the wrist bones)

genu valgum

knock-knee - developmental issue of the legs where the ankles are far apart and the kneees are together

genu varum

bowleg - developmental issue of the legs where the legs are bowed so that the knees are far apart when the child stands

gout

is a disease where the patient develops pain in the small hands and feet due to deposits of uric acid crystals in the joint

kyphosis, lordosis, scoliosis

abnormal curves of the spine

kyphosis

The curve located in the thoracic portion of the spine becomes exaggreated and produces a “humpback” appearance

Lordosis

an exaggeration of the normal lumbar curve and pushes tha abdomen and buttocks out

scoliosis

abnormal, lateral curve of the spine

myeloma

a tumor of the bone marrow o

osteosarcoma

malignant tumor of the bone

myoma

a tumor of the muscle

myosarcoma

a malignant tumor of the muscle tissue

osteomyelitis

inflammation of the bone an bone marrow caused by an infection from a pathogenic organism

osteoporosis

a condition where bone density decreases, which causes bone fragility f

closed/simple fractures

fractures that do not involve a break in the skino

pen/compound fractures

fractures that do involve a break in the skin which can cause complications such as infection or bleeding

comminuted fracture

a fracture where bone is shattered

transverse fracture

a fracture where there is a break in the shaft of the bone

compression fracture

a fracture when two bones are pressed together

greenstick fracture

a fracture where there is an incomplete fracture, it goes through half of the bone

epiphysial fracture

a break in the growth plate at the end of a long bone

ORIF (open reduction internal fixation proceduter

Surgical repair of a severe fracture

muscular dystrophy

a group of genetic diseases that cause progressive weakness and degeneration