chem vocab (protons, electrons, & neutrons) 10.8

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11 Terms

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subatomic particle
particles smaller than an atom
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protons
a positively charged subatomic particle
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electrons
a tiny, negatively charged subatomic particles located in mostly empty space around the nucleus of an atom
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neutrons
a subatomic particles with no charge located in the nucleus of an atom
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neural atom
an atom with the same number of protons and electrons
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ion
an atom that has gained or lost electrons (creates a positive/negative charge on the atom
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cation
an atom that has LOST one or more electrons (creates a POSITIVE charge on the atom)
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anion
an atom that has GAINED one or more electrons (creates a NEGATIVE charge on the atom)
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atomic number
indicates the number of protons; indicates the number of electrons in a NEUTRAL atom; is the whole number in periodic table blocks; is the bottom, left number in an atom symbol
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atomic mass
is the average weighted mass of all of the forms of a particular type of atom; is the decimal number in the periodic table
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mass number
describes the mass of each form of an atom; can be equal to the atomic mass rounded to a whole number; is used in calc to determine the number of neutrons; is the top, left number in an atom symbol