Temperature and Heat

Flashcards covering key concepts on temperature and heat.

Temperature

A measure that indicates the state of thermal agitation of the atoms or molecules that form a substance.

Heat

The total energy in a body, including kinetic energy from molecular movement and potential energy stored in molecular bonds.

Thermal Agitation

The disordered motion of particles, manifesting differently in solids, liquids, and gases.

Celcius Scale

A temperature scale widely used for scientific measurements, with freezing point of water at 0 degrees and boiling at 100 degrees.

Fahrenheit Scale

A temperature scale primarily used in the United States, where freezing is 32 degrees and boiling is 212 degrees.

Kelvin Scale

The absolute temperature scale starting at absolute zero (0 Kelvin = -273.15 degrees Celsius).

Specific Heat Capacity

The amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.

Calorific Capacity

The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of an entire body by 1 degree Celsius.

Thermal Equilibrium

The state when two bodies in contact exchange heat until they reach the same temperature.

Q = mcΔT

The formula that expresses the total heat (Q) as the product of mass (m), specific heat capacity (c), and change in temperature (ΔT).

Thermal Expansion

The process wherein a material changes its shape, area, and volume due to a change in temperature.