Who developed the psychoanalytic model?
Sigmund Freud
Libido
sexual desire
Major ego defense mechanisms
denial suppression repression rationalization intellectualization reaction formation projection displacement dissociation sublimation humor
Suppression
pushed back down procrastination
repression
unconscious can't handle stuff
intellectualization
live in your head turn an emotion into a thought spiritual and philosophical "something really fucked happened but it's part of god's plan"
Stages of psychosexual development
oral anal phallic latent genital
Oral stage (0-12 months)
Focus of pleasure: mouth/sucking Metaphor: dependency on mother
To avoid oral fixation:
balance: too much= hovering mother not enough= neglectful mother
fixated oral personality:
clingy and dependant or irrationally independent (also narcissistic) nail biters, pencil chewers
Anal stage (1-3 years)
Focus of pleasure: anus/defecation Metaphor: control and orderliness
To avoid anal fixation:
potty training setting logical boundaries
fixated anal personality:
anal retentive (excessively orderly, OCD, OCPD) anal expulsive (disorganized)
testing limits
Phallic Stage (3-6 years)
Focus of pleasure: opposite sex parent Metaphor: prestages adult sexuality Key terms: Oedipus/ Electra, castration anxiety, penis envy
To avoid phallic fixation:
identification with same-sex parent "I'm going to become like dad so I can marry someone like mom"
Fixated phallic personality
confused sexuality
Latent stage (6-12 years)
Focus of libido: none, sublimated into work Fixation: trauma
fixated latent personality
workaholic/ conflicted work
Genital Stage (13+ years)
mature psychological function "love + work" generative/ creative
Psychoanalysis
technical name of freudian psychotherapy
catharsis
emotional release
two basic curative mechanisms to psychoanalysis
catharsis and insight
transference
patient puts feelings of parents on to therapist
contributions of freudian theory
most ambitious theoretical model of personality popularized "talking cure" importance of early childhood experience for adult personality influence of trauma in causing mental illness art and literature
critiques of freudian therapy
unscientific over-emphasis on sexuality lack of parsimony sexist (Karen Horney- womb envy) sometimes plain wrong
Modern reactions to freudian psychoanalysis
Orthodox Freudians (vanishing) Neo-freudians post freudians
Neo-freudians
psychodynamic hold onto the parts of psychoanalysis that work
Post-freudians
Freud is dead, he was wrong, let's move on
Carl Jung
Freuds protege importance of spirituality collective unconscious synchronicity
synchronicity
meaningful coincidences
panpsychism
our material brain can make sense of non-material things
consciousness
fundamental property of matter
Male (animus)
bold aggressive
female (anima)
nurturing caring self-sacrificing
Personality Dimensions (Myers-Briggs)
Intraversion/Extraversion
Sensing vs Intuition (openness)
thinking vs. feeling (agreeableness)
perceiving vs. judging (conscientiousness)
Intraversion/Extraversion
where you put your mental energy
Sensing vs intuition
fact vs impression how you take in information
Perceiving vs judging
how much closure you need in any situation
Snakes, black birds
death
house
self rooms= parts of self
water
unconscious self
fire
dramatic change
travel
your path through life (vehicle=self, bridge= new opportunity)
hero
the potential of your completed self
shadow
unassimilated parts of self
psychodynamic theory of attachment theory
first formulated by John Bowlby Harlow's terry secure attachment -> explore environment "internal working model"
Strange Situation Test
Developed by Mary Ainsworth 12-24 months 4 primary attachment styles
4 primary attachment styles
Secure
Anxious preoccupied
Fearful- avoidant
Avoidant- dismissive