fat combined set

Which Greek philosopher was known as the Father of Medicine?

Hippocrates

What was the average lifespan during the ancient times?

20-35 years

What era of history prohibited the study of medicine?

The Dark Ages (400-800 AD)

How was illness treated in the Dark Ages?

prayers, spiritual cleansing, herbal mixtures

What was the average life span during the Dark Ages?

20-30 years

When did physicians first start to learn at med universities?

9th century

Which Arab physician was often known as the “Arab Hippocrates?”

Rhazes (Al-Razi)

What was the average lifespan during the Middle Ages?

20-35 years

What era in history was known as the rebirth of science and medicine?

The Renaissance (1350-1650 AD)

Who were the artists who were able to draw the human body more realistically because of dissection?

Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci

Who promoted chemical remedies to treat disease during the Renaissance?

Roger Bacon

What diseases were common during the ancient times?

typhoid, cholera, dysentery, leprosy, malaria, smallpox

What disease wiped 3/4 of Europe and Asia’s population during the middle ages?

Bubonic Plague/the Black Death

What pandemic occurred in 1832?

Cholera

What insect carries yellow fever?

Mosquito

What pandemic killed more than 40 million people in 1918?

Spanish flu, or influenza

What does AIDS stand for?

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

When was AIDS identified as a disease?

1981

What does HIV stand for?

Human immunodeficiency virus

What causes AIDS?

HIV

When was HIV identified as the cause of AIDS?

1984

What disease was an outbreak of “mad cow” disease linked to in 1996?

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

In which country did an outbreak of “mad cow” disease occur in 1996?

Great Britain

What does SARS stand for?

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

What pandemic was declared by the WHO in 2009?

H1N1, or swine flu virus

What pandemic occurred in West Africa in 2014?

Ebola

When did the CDC declare the first case of Ebola in the U.S.?

September 2014

What development during the Renaissance led to the spread of knowledge?

Printing press

Who built a microscope with increased magnification in 1666?

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Who created the first mercury thermometer in 1714?

Gabriel Fahrenheit

Who invented the stethoscope in 1816?

Rene Laennec

Who patented the first electrical hearing aid in 1880?

Francis Clarke + M.G. Foster

Who patented the battery-driven hearing aid in 1901?

Miller Reese

Who developed the Pap test to detect cervical cancer in women in 1941?

Dr. George Papanicolaou

When was the first kidney dialysis machine developed?

1944

When was the computed axial tornography (CAT) scan developed?

1975

What development approved by the FDA in 2013 treated retinitis pigmentosa, the leading cause for blindness?

bionic eye

Who developed a vaccine for smallpox in 1795?

Edward Jenner

Who created the vaccine for rabies in 1885?

Louis Pasteur

Who developed the vaccine for diphtheria in 1894?

Emile Roux

Who developed the vaccine for typhoid fever in 1897?

Almroth Wright

Who developed the vaccine against typhoid in 1903?

Dr. Harry Plotz

Who developed the polio vaccine using dead polio virus in 1952?

Jonas Salk

Who developed an oral-live-virus polio vaccine in the mid-1950s?

Albert Sabin

What vaccine was developed during 1981 due to genetic engineering?

hepatitis B

When did the vaccine for hepatitis A become available?

1994

The vaccine for what disease was approved in 1995?

Varicella, or chicken pox

Why were smallpox vaccines given to military personnel and first responders in 2002?

To limit the effects of a potential bioterrorist attack

What disease does the vaccine Gardasil prevent?

cervical cancer

What disease does the vaccine Zostavax prevent?

Shingles, or herpes zoster

When was an experimental vaccine for glioblastoma, a deadly brain tumor, developed?

2011

What was used to prevent scurvy, as prescribed by James Lind, in 1795?

Lime juice

What did William Morton, an American dentist, begin to use as an anesthetic in 1846?

Ether

What did James Simpson begin using as an anesthetic in 1847?

chloroform

What did Joseph Lister start using in 1865 to prevent infection during surgery?

Disinfectants and antiseptics

What drug did Bayer introduce in powdered form in 1899?

aspirin

When did the FDA approve birth control pills?

1960

What drug was approved in 1983 to suppress the immune system after organ transplants?

Cyclosporine

What drugs did Gerhard Domagk develop to fight infections in the 20th century?

Sulfa drugs

What was the name of the abortion pill approved by the FDA in 2000?

RU-486

What was the name of the first over-the-counter weight loss pill, approved by the FDA in 2007?

Alli

What did the FDA approve of for the treatment of migraines in 2010?

Botox

What drugs did the FDA approve of in 2011 to treat hepatitis C?

Telaprevir and boceprevir

What was the name of the first oral pill, approved by the FDA in 2013, to treat hepatitis C?

Sofosbuvir

Who were the first ancient group of people to keep health records?

The Egyptians

Who was the first person to accurately describe symptoms of pneumonia and epilepsy in children?

Hippocrates

Which Arab physician was the first person to develop criteria for differentiating smallpox and measles in 910 AD?

Rhazes (Al-Razi)

Wich Arab physician was the first person to describe the parasite that causes scabies in the 12th century?

Avenzoar

Who published the first anatomy book?

Andreas Vesalius

Who wrote the first book on dietetics?

Isaac Judaeus

Who was the first person to describe the circulatory system in the lungs?

Michael Servetus

Who was the first person to explain how digestion is a source of heat for the body?

Michael Servetus

Who first identified the fallopian tubes and described the tympanic membrane in the ear in 1561?

Gabriel Fallopius

Who identified the Eustachian Tube in 1563?

Bartolomeo Eustachio

Who first described the circulation of the blood to and from the heart in 1628?

William Harvey

Where was the first successful blood transfusion on animals performed in 1667?

England

Which English surgeon introduced tube feeding in 1778?

John Hunter

Who performed the first successful Cesarean section operation to deliver an infant in 1794?

Dr. Jesse Bennett

What medical school was founded in London in 1800?

Royal College of Surgeons

Who performed the first blood transfusion on humans in 1818?

James Blundell

Who became the first female physician in the US in 1849?

Elizabeth Blackwell

When did the American Pharmaceutical Association hold its first convention?

1853

Who became the first female physician in Britain in 1870?

Elizabeth Garrett Anderson

Who was the first to isolate the bacteria that causes tuberculosis?

Robert Koch

Who discovered viruses in 1892?

Dimitri Ivanofski

Who discovered roentgenograms, or x-rays, in 1895?

Wilhelm Roentgen

Which pharmaceutical company was the first to produce aspirin in powdered form?

Bayer

Who first demonstrated that mosquitoes carry yellow fever in 1900?

Walter Reed

Who first classified ABO blood groups in 1901?

Carl Landsteiner

Who were the first people to discover and use insulin to treat diabetes in 1922?

Frederick Banting and Charles Best

Who discovered penicillin in 1928?

Sir Alexander Fleming

What was the name of the first guide dog for the blind in 1928?

Buddy

Who were the first people to develop methods to grow viruses in cultures in the 1920s?

John Enders and Frederick Robbins

Who were the first people to describe DNA structure and how it carries genetic information?

Francis Crick and James Watson

When was the first heart-lung machine used for open-heart surgery?

1953

When were conjoined twins successfully separated for the first time?

1953

Who performed the first successful human kidney transplant in 1954?

Joseph Murray

Who performed the first successful liver transplant in 1963?

Thomas Starzi

Who performed the first successful lung transplant in 1964?

James Hardy

Who performed the first successful heart transplant in 1967?

Christian Barnard