Psyc 3083 Exam 3

human suffering can be caused by the nature of language

ACT believes that

private events or psychological events

ACT is a type of functional contextual theory because it examines the current and past biological, social, physical, and cultural context in which _ are formed.

psychological inflexibility; rigid, rule-bound thoughts

Cognitive fusion is a type of _ which has to do with _.

combinatorial entailment

In ACT, the term that is used to describe the process of two or more stimuli becoming related to one another is

Gestalt-based and emotional focused groups

In addition to traditional individual and group methods of treatment, ACT has demonstrated effectiveness in all but which of the following treatment methods?

stuck in the past; her psychological inflexibility

Jill was abused as a child and constantly think about how the abuse negatively impacted her. She is _, which is reflective of _.

private language

Joe says to himself, "I am just a bad person who cant get his butt." This is a type of

Experiential avoidance: Acceptance of self

Pick the item that is not correctly matched to its opposing concept.

Genuineness: Be real now

Pick the type of psychological flexibility that does not match its common name.

the ability the change one's behavior

Psychological flexibility is characterized by all of the following except

act in a manner that is consistent with one's value

Psychological inflexibility can best be defined as six interrelated processes that result in an inability for a person to

Acceptance and commitment therapy

The acronym ACT stands for which of the following?

iii. building a working alliance

iv. developing a collaborative and egalitarian relationship

ii. taking a history

i. obtaining informed consent and setting broad goals

The following represent the 8 steps of ACT. They are out of order. Pick the item that represents the order of the first 4 steps

i. obtaining informed consent and setting broad goals

ii. taking a history

iii. building a working alliance

iv. developing a collaborative and egalitarian relationship

v. psychoeducation regarding psychological flexibility

vi. clarifying values and embracing a value-focused life

vii. living a value-focused life

viii. implementing exercises to develop psychological flexibility

attachment to a conceptualized self

when a person's identity is so strongly associated with an aspect of self (e.g. our job, our marital status, our cultural background) to point that one becomes that self-description instead of having a self-description, it is called

You can slowly take apart relational frames, deconstruct them, and replace them with different frames

which of the following is NOT true about relational frame theory?

they attempt to change the context surrounding thoughts and beliefs

which of the following is the focus the distinguishes ACT and other third-wave cognitive behavioral therapies from earlier cognitive behavioral therapies?

cognitive distortions; negative private events

which of the following processes is not related to psychological inflexibility?

the MI spirit; absolute worth, accurate empathy, autonomy support and affirmation

acceptance is an aspect of _ and involves _.

multidimensional

according to MI, motivation is

the clinician cannot enhance it, only the client can.

all but which of the following is an assumption about motivation that drives MI?

to increase clients' motivation for change and have them commit to the change process

As defined in this chapter's "View of Human Nature," what is the goal of MI?

preparatory; mobilizing

Change talk is one of the most important processes in MI which is used to help clients see their own natural desire to change. Miller and Rollnick suggest there are two types of change talk: _ and _

the drinker's check-up

Early in MI's conceptualization, Miller saw MI as a method to nudge potential patients into accepting help. This combined with brief intervention treatments was delivered to patients in a single session known as _.

change talk

In MI, the acronym DARN CATS is associated with which technique?

importance of change; confident the client is about change

In MI, the Ruler is often used to assess the _ and how _.

Feedback, Responsibility, Advice, Menu of options, Empathy, and Self-efficacy

MI employs a number of standard interventions that can come under the general heading FRAMES, this acronym stands for: _, _, _, _, _, and _.

third-wave behaviorism

MI's view of human nature is steeped in all but which of the following?

Carl Rogers

Miller was most influenced by which of these theorists?

substance abuse

Prior to being applied to gambling problems, eating disorders, anxiety disorders, chronic disease management, health-related disorders, and to a wide range of mental health problems, motivational interviewing (MI) was originally developed for the treatment of which disorder?

listening to sustain talk

Rollnick and Miller suggest that it is the counselor's job to raise clients' consciousness about discrepancies and resistance to change, not challenge where the client is. This is known as _.

Compassion, Collaboration, Acceptance, and Evocation

The presence of which four factors increases the effectiveness of MI and the likelihood of positive client outcomes? These four factors are also referred to as "The MI Spirit."

Advice giving

What fosters a dependent client-counselor relationship, and promotes seeing the counselor as all-knowing and undercuts the client's power to find solutions on their own?

developing discrepancy

What process points out inconsistencies between the client's current maladaptive or problematic behaviors and the client's desired attainment of goals based on personal values?

engaging; focusing; evoking; and planning

Within MI, the "Counseling Process" flow through 4 steps, Miller and Rollnick see this process as sequential and recursive as it's like a staircase that one can walk up and move back down if necessary. These four processes (or steps) are known as _, _, _, and _.

Flow

_ is the process of being immersed in and surrendering to an activity perceived as important.

gratitude

_, sometimes defined as "the tendency to see life as a gift," is one of the most common emotions experienced by people and needs to be cultivated and nurtured.

shifting towards positive emotions, thoughts, and behaviors; the problem

"The build-what's-strong" approach focuses on _, while the "fix-what's wrong" approach focuses on _.

The subject has goals in life and a sense of directedness, feels there is meaning to present and past life, holds beliefs that give life purpose, has aims and objectives for living

According to Ryff's model of the six dimensions of psychological well-being, which of the following describes someone who has reached the optimal level of purpose in life?

Circumstance, Attitude, Standards, Important, and Other

CASIO stands for

has a genetic setpoint, which can be somewhat influenced by environment

McAuliffe (2019) suggests that temperament

Counteract the default toward the negative

McAuliffe suggests that feeling good is often taken for granted, but when we feel badly, we take notice. Thus, he suggests which of the following?

Momentary pleasures, higher pleasures, and gratifications of individual strengths

Present positive emotions contain which of the following?

flourish

The _ hypothesis suggests that positive emotions build on other positive emotions in that one has an upward spiral of positive emotions.

broaden one's thought-action responses

The broaden hypothesis suggest that one can

strength-spotting, exception-seeking questions, and strengths surveys and inventories

The focus of strength-based exercises is to identify individual strengths and develop them in an effort to achieve identified goals. The three types of strength-based exercises are

Martin Seligman

The positive psychology movement was initiated in 1998 by

through positive emotions reduced the hold that negative emotions have on our cognitive and physical well-being

The undoing hypothesis suggests that we can

3:1

What is the optimal ratio of positive to negative emotions?

fixing a weakness makes a person stronger

Which is one of the 4 errors in thinking related to the strengths theory?

phenomenology and existentialism

which of the following is not a basic tenant of the view of human nature of positive counseling?

Open-ended questioning

Affirmations

Reflecting

Summarizing

what does the OARS technique stand for in MI counseling?

his own struggles with anxiety/panic attacks and how they impacted language, verbal behavior, and rule-governed behavior

found himself unable to speak as he thought he was having a heart attack & couldn't lecture

what enabled Steven C. Hayes to develope ACTs?