The Enlightenment

Adam Smith

He wrote The Wealth of Nations (1776), Laissez Faire- the free market should be allowed to regulate business.

John Locke

Wrote Two Treatises on Government.

All people are born free and equal, with three natural rights - life, liberty, and property.

2 Ideas from the Enlightenment

* Freedom of religion and thought

* People are born with natural rights—life, liberty, and property

The Enlightenment thinkers taught...

* Governments should protect the rights of the people under social contract

* Through reason, science, and education, society could improve

What's the foundation of government according to Enlightened thinker Voltaire?

Freedom of thought, speech, and religion.

What's the foundation of government according to Enlightened thinker Montesquieu?

Government should include the separation of powers (three branches of government).

What's the foundation of government according to Enlightened thinker John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau?

They believed in consent of the governed - people must agree to be ruled.

The Enlightenment

A time period in which reason and observation were used to understand human behavior, challenge traditional authority, and promote reforms in government, law, and society.

Denis Diderot

Wrote the Encyclopedia

He believed that knowledge from his encyclopedia would bring a revolution in the minds of men and free them from prejudice.

Mary Wollstonecraft

Greater equality between men and women

Thomas Hobbes

Since people are evil at their core, they need to be governed by an absolute monarch- Social Contract

John Locke

The government's job is to protect life, liberty, and property. If the government fails to do this, then the citizens have the right to revolt (revolution).

Johann Sebastian Bach

A German composer and organist whose sacred and secular works built the foundation of the Baroque period.

Social Contract

An agreement by which people gave up the state of nature for an organized society or social order.

Olaudah Equiano

Published his autobiography that outlines his life as a slave.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

The Social Contract- 1762 limitations on people should come from a freely elected government.

censorship

the restricting of access to ideas and information- banned and burned books and imprisoned writers.

Salons

informal social gatherings where writers, artists, philosophes, and others exchanged ideas.